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Bioaugmentation for the remediation of pesticide-contaminated soil with microorganisms directly enriched in soil or compost

Kim, Sang-Jun
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1062640058

Abstract Details

2003, Doctor of Philosophy, Ohio State University, Environmental Science.
EPTC (s-ethyl-N,N’-dipropylthiocarbamate) and atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine) are commonly used herbicides. Atrazine, especially, can be found in soils and waters at unacceptable concentrations. Developing an effective inoculum to bioaugment degradation of EPTC and atrazine in contaminated environments is required for bioremediation of such sites. Microorganisms capable of EPTC or atrazine degradation were directly enriched in soils (hereafter called ACTIVATED soils). The most probable number method revealed that the number of EPTC-degraders in a Brookston soil increased by about 3 logs of magnitude after a single treatment with EPTC at a rate of 20 mg/kg soil. In a Wooster soil, microorganisms utilizing atrazine as their sole carbon or nitrogen source increased by 3 logs and 1 log of magnitude, respectively, after three treatments of atrazine at a rate of 4 mg/kg soil. EPTC or atrazine degradation in these ACTIVATED soils was greatly accelerated after the first treatment, and degradation activity was not inhibited at initial concentrations up to 2000 mg EPTC/kg and 400 mg atrazine/kg soil, respectively. Inoculation of EPTC (20 mg/kg)- or atrazine (4 mg/kg)-contaminated soils with ACTIVATED soil, at rates ranging from 0.05 to 5% (w/w), resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) increased degradation of EPTC or atrazine in four soils tested, compared to non-inoculated soil. Nutrient (glycine, sucrose, urea, or yeast extract) amendment at a 1% and 0.1% for EPTC- and atrazine-contaminated soils, respectively, did not further accelerate degradation. Both atrazine-degrading and mineralizing microbial populations were successfully transferred to and enriched in compost. The degradation activity in ACTIVATED compost was much greater than in ACTIVATED soil. The amount of atrazine dropped to about 10% of that initially present (about 400 mg/kg) after 9 hours of incubation in ACTIVATED compost, compared to 3 days in ACTIVATED soil. EPTC and atrazine degradation activity in ACTIVATED soil and compost remained stable when they were stored at low temperature (below 10 OC) and in a wet state (water content above 15%, w/w). ACTIVATED soil and compost, containing increased numbers of EPTC- or atrazine-degrading microorganisms, are useful inoculants that will bioaugment the remediation of EPTC or atrazine contaminated soil.
Warren Dick (Advisor)
Edward McCoy (Other)
Fredrick Michel, Jr. (Other)
Lynn Willet (Other)
160 p.
Bioaugmentation; Atrazine; EPTC; Enrichment; Bioremediation; Pesticide

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Kim, S.-J. (2003). Bioaugmentation for the remediation of pesticide-contaminated soil with microorganisms directly enriched in soil or compost [Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1062640058

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Kim, Sang-Jun. Bioaugmentation for the remediation of pesticide-contaminated soil with microorganisms directly enriched in soil or compost. 2003. Ohio State University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1062640058.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Kim, Sang-Jun. "Bioaugmentation for the remediation of pesticide-contaminated soil with microorganisms directly enriched in soil or compost." Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1062640058

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

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This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.