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Theoretical and experimental study of a high rise hog building for improved utilization and environmental quality protection

Sun, Huawei
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1079066940

Abstract Details

2004, Doctor of Philosophy, Ohio State University, Food, Agricultural, and Biological Engineering.
Ammonia and liquid waste problems are a great concern for animal producers because of their environmental impacts and effects on human and animal health. A novel swine production system, the High-Rise™ Hog Building (HRHB), has been developed to minimize liquid waste, reduce nutrient losses and control ammonia volatilization. A theoretical and experimental study was done to evaluate nutrient losses and ammonia levels in a HRHB and associate manure management system. Two groups of hogs, 998 head in summer and 1047 head in winter were studied. Animals grew well with an average weight gain rate of 0.86 kg/pig/day (1.89 lb/pig/day). The feed was consumed at a rate of 2.4 kg/pig/day (5.3 lb/pig/day). The average nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium losses due to volatilization (N) and liquid drainage (N, P, K) from the HRH building in both summer and winter periods were 3.86kg/head, 0.25 kg/head and 0.76 kg/head, representing 52, 21 and 47% of the initial amount respectively. Ammonia concentrations in the pig space were less than 2.5 ppm in summer and as high as 30 ppm in winter. Average ammonia concentration in winter was 16 ppm. A one-way ANOVA model and two linear regression models were developed that showed lower outdoor temperature and higher indoor/outdoor temperature difference could lead to higher ammonia concentrations in pig space in winter. The p-values were calculated less than 0.001. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models were developed and validated to investigate airflow pattern and ammonia distribution in HRHB. In winter, the CFD models predicted that some air blown through the manure bed could flow up into the pig space, which could lead to high ammonia concentrations in the upper level of the building. To reduce ammonia concentration in the pig space, 3-D non-isothermal CFD models were used to optimize the ventilation system of the HRHB. The aeration used to dry manure bedding was predicted as a significant factor to cause high ammonia concentration in the pig space. A comparative assessment of HRHB system versus other alternative hog production systems will be done in the future.
Frederick Michel Jr. (Advisor)
200 p.
Hog Manure; High Rise Hog Building; Ammonia; Computational Fluid Dynamics; CFD modeling; Waste management; Mass balance; Air quality; Ventilation; Animal facility; Nutrient loss

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Sun, H. (2004). Theoretical and experimental study of a high rise hog building for improved utilization and environmental quality protection [Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1079066940

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Sun, Huawei. Theoretical and experimental study of a high rise hog building for improved utilization and environmental quality protection. 2004. Ohio State University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1079066940.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Sun, Huawei. "Theoretical and experimental study of a high rise hog building for improved utilization and environmental quality protection." Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1079066940

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

osu1079066940
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© 2004, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.