A three-dimensional numerical simulation of the unsteady flow in an under-expanded supersonic rectangular jet has been conducted for the purpose of investigating and analyzing the production and propagation of jet noise. The compressible three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are solved using high-order spatial and temporal differencing schemes. The solution method applies linear and nonlinear filtering schemes to produce oscillation-free shocks and discontinuities while minimizing dissipation effects in smooth regions. The solution method also applies nonreflecting boundary conditions to minimize reflections. Characteristic boundary conditions are implemented at the upstream and far-field boundaries and an absorbing buffer zone is added at the outflow boundary. OpenMP shared- memory model was utilized to parallelize the simulation and good parallel performance was achieved.
The code was used to conduct a time dependent numerical simulation of an under-expanded supersonic rectangular jet. A comprehensive database of the simulation was generated. The results of the simulation were validated against experimental measurements and show very good agreement. The simulation is shown to resolve critical unsteady flow features of the jet such as vortex shedding, shock-cell structure, shock shear-layer interaction, flapping, and axis-switching. Visualization of the unsteady flow and analysis of the turbulent flow-field shows that the location of axis-switching is immediately downstream of the fourth shock. It is also observed that the location of the dominant screech source is at the third shock. Two-point space-time correlations demonstrate that the convection velocities in the jet shear layer are highly modulated by the presence of shock waves. Spectral analysis show that the simulation predicts, with good accuracy, screech modes frequencies, wavelengths, phase, and amplitudes. Analysis inside the jet shear layer and in the acoustic near-field reveal exact correspondence in frequency and phase between the inner and the outer parts of the screech loop. The simulation also predicts the complex pattern of the near acoustic field associated with screech.
The current simulation represents the first successful three- dimensional numerical simulation of an under-expanded supersonic rectangular jet. It also represents a significant contribution towards accurate prediction of noise production and far-field radiation in supersonic jets. The computational tools developed in this study can be used to investigate a wide range of problems related to unsteady flows and aeroacoustics.
A three-dimensional numerical simulation of the unsteady flow in an under-expanded supersonic rectangular jet has been conducted for the purpose of investigating and analyzing the production and propagation of jet noise. The compressible three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are solved using high-order spatial and temporal differencing schemes. The solution method applies linear and nonlinear filtering schemes to produce oscillation-free shocks and discontinuities while minimizing dissipation effects in smooth regions. The solution method also applies nonreflecting boundary conditions to minimize reflections. Characteristic boundary conditions are implemented at the upstream and far-field boundaries and an absorbing buffer zone is added at the outflow boundary. OpenMP shared- memory model was utilized to parallelize the simulation and good parallel performance was achieved.
The code was used to conduct a time dependent numerical simulation of an under-expanded supersonic rectangular jet. A comprehensive database of the simulation was generated. The results of the simulation were validated against experimental measurements and show very good agreement. The simulation is shown to resolve critical unsteady flow features of the jet such as vortex shedding, shock-cell structure, shock shear-layer interaction, flapping, and axis-switching. Visualization of the unsteady flow and analysis of the turbulent flow-field shows that the location of axis-switching is immediately downstream of the fourth shock. It is also observed that the location of the dominant screech source is at the third shock. Two-point space-time correlations demonstrate that the convection velocities in the jet shear layer are highly modulated by the presence of shock waves. Spectral analysis show that the simulation predicts, with good accuracy, screech modes frequencies, wavelengths, phase, and amplitudes. Analysis inside the jet shear layer and in the acoustic near-field reveal exact correspondence in frequency and phase between the inner and the outer parts of the screech loop. The simulation also predicts the complex pattern of the near acoustic field associated with screech.
The current simulation represents the first successful three- dimensional numerical simulation of an under-expanded supersonic rectangular jet. It also represents a significant contribution towards accurate prediction of noise production and far-field radiation in supersonic jets. The computational tools developed in this study can be used to investigate a wide range of problems related to unsteady flows and aeroacoustics.