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HYDROPONIC PHYTOREMEDIATION OF Cd (III), Cr(III), Ni (II), As (V), AND Fe(II) BY HELIANTHUS ANNUUS

January, Mary Catherine
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1145391303

Abstract Details

2006, Master of Science, University of Akron, Civil Engineering.
Heavy metal pollution is widespread and hazardous. Phytoremediation is a low cost and effective soil treatment option for metal reclamation. However, the effect of multiple metals and chemical amendments on the plants has not been studied critically. This research examined efficiency of Helianthus annuus, dwarf sunflowers, for the removal of multiple heavy metal contaminants. Sundance sunflowers were exposed to Cd, Cr, Ni, As and Fe in various combinations, as well as in the presence of EDTA. Another strain of H. annuus, Teddy Bear, were exposed to Cd, Cr, Ni and As to ascertain the difference in efficiency between cultivars. Other in-house data were used to determine if hydroponic studies could estimate phytoremediation efficiency in soils. A key finding was the ability of Sundance to achieve hyperaccumulator status for As in all studies and for Cd in all but two studies. Ni hyperaccumulator status was only achieved in the presence of 5 metals without EDTA. Although Cr was not hyperaccumulated, it did not prevent the hyperaccumulation of Cd and As. Few studies have been able to achieve hyperaccumulator status in the presence of multiple metals. Sundance showed a metal uptake preference of Cr > Cd > Ni, Cr > Cd > Ni > As and Fe >> As > Cd > Ni > Cr without EDTA and Cr > Cd > Ni, Fe >> As > Cd > Cr > Ni with EDTA. As uptake and translocation was not effected by other metals, but decreased Cd and Ni stem concentration. As and Cd compete for glutathoines which reduced their availability to both Cd and Ni. When Fe was present translocation improved. The effect of EDTA in the hydroponic environment hindered metal uptake. With Fe and As present, ETDA decreased Cd in the roots and stems from 2.11 to 1.36 and from 2.83 to 2.32 mg/g biomass, respectively. For the same conditions, Ni decreased in the stems from 1.98 to 0.94 mg/g, total metal uptake decreased from 14.95 mg to 13.89 mg, and total biomass decreased 84%. EDTA also decreased Cd translocation factors from 0.55 to 0.33 and Ni from 1.06 to 0.76. These results showed an overall negative effect with EDTA addition. It is unknown whether EDTA toxicity or the breaking of phytochelatin-metal bonds occured.
Teresa Cutright (Advisor)
140 p.
phytoremediation; Helianthus annuus; As; arsenic; Cd; cadmium; Cr; chromium; Ni; nickel

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Citations

  • January, M. C. (2006). HYDROPONIC PHYTOREMEDIATION OF Cd (III), Cr(III), Ni (II), As (V), AND Fe(II) BY HELIANTHUS ANNUUS [Master's thesis, University of Akron]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1145391303

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • January, Mary. HYDROPONIC PHYTOREMEDIATION OF Cd (III), Cr(III), Ni (II), As (V), AND Fe(II) BY HELIANTHUS ANNUUS. 2006. University of Akron, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1145391303.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • January, Mary. "HYDROPONIC PHYTOREMEDIATION OF Cd (III), Cr(III), Ni (II), As (V), AND Fe(II) BY HELIANTHUS ANNUUS." Master's thesis, University of Akron, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1145391303

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

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This open access ETD is published by University of Akron and OhioLINK.