Electrospun fibers have so many advantages and can be used in many applications such as filtration, electronic sensor, and wound dressing. It can have diameter from tenth to hundredth nanometer in diameter which results in high mass to surface area ratio.
To create electrospun fibers, polymer solution is delivered to small nozzle which can be delivered by two methods, constant mass by using syringe pump or constant pressure by using low pressurized gas pushes polymer solution from reservoir to small nozzle. Polymer forms a small drop at the tip of the nozzle. Once electrical potential reaches a critical value, fine charged liquid jet launches form the apex of droplet. Fine charge liquid jet travels in straight line for a few centimeters before develops a bending instability. During the course of traveling, jet is stretched due to electrical force from charge that jet carried result in decreased of jet diameter or increasing of jet surface area. This promotes solvent evaporate and results with dry fibers on collector.
Disadvantage of the electrospinning process is low mass production rate. Commercial high mass production rate designs are expensive and complex. Simple and inexpensive designs for laboratory used are required. Three concepts for increasing mass production rate of electrospinning process were proposed. Innovative designs were used to implement those concepts. Electrospun fibers from 200 to 800 nanometer in diameter were created from simple designs with production rate higher than single nozzle electrospinning jet.