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Synthesis and Characterization of CdS Nanoparticle/Polymer Composites

Lama, Bimala
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1375797236

Abstract Details

2013, Doctor of Philosophy, University of Akron, Chemistry.
Pure, sulfur rich and wurtzite phase CdS nanoparticles with average size ~4.7 nm were prepared in aqueous solution using thioglycerol as a capping ligand. Approximately 542 molecules of thioglycerol molecules were present on the surface of each CdS-TG nanoparticle. CdS-TG nanoparticles can trap a large amount of water molecules and the chemical shift of the trapped water molecules are dependent on the environment and the amount of water trapped. The presence of sodium ions in CdS-TG increases the order of thioglycerol molecules due to the interaction with ions. Relaxation values indicated the interaction between TSLi molecule and thioglycerol. Formation of the hydrophobic monolayer of TSLi on the outer surface of CdS-TG nanoparticles were confirmed by 2D-HETCOR studies. At the interface, cations are far from the aromatic ring and thioglycerol molecules and remain in water pockets with some motions. Pure, sulfur rich, wurtzite phase CdS-TEG nanoparticles with average size of ~4.5 nm were prepared using 2-mercaptoethanol (also known as thioethyleneglycol, TEG) as a capping ligand. Grafting of aromatic ring containing sulfonyl chloride with CdS-TEG nanoparticles through sulfonate ester was studied using benzene sulfonyl chloride in the basic aqueous medium. NMR studies confirmed the feasibility of the reaction and indicated that the rate of esterification reaction increased with increase in concentration of benzene sulfonyl chloride. Naphthalene sulfonyl chloride with CdS-TEG nanoparticles were used to study the photoluminescence behavior before and after the reaction. Quenching of the light observed in the naphthalene rings bonded to the nanoparticles and confirmed that electron or energy transfer took place easily in covalently bonded aromatic rings and nanoparticles. Grafting of polystyrene chain was done by changing polystyrene sulfonic acid to the polystyrene sulfonyl chloride. Some aromatic rings in polymer were bonded with nanoparticles through ester bond and remaining aromatic rings reacted with water forming sulfonic acid. These studies suggest that any light harvesting polymer containing sulfonic acid as a functional group can be covalently bonded to the cadmium sulfide nanoparticles and energy transfer is very easy from the polymer to the semiconductor naoparticles. Pure CdS-MPA nanoparticles with different sizes were also prepared. Monomers like aniline, p-toluidine, and p-creosl were grafted to CdS-MPA forming amide and ester bond using carbodiimide reaction. Aniline tetramer was covalently bonded to the CdS-MPA nanoparticles succesfully. Both oxidized and reduced forms of tetramer were present and bonding with MPA changed its oxidation state. Poly-4-vinylphenol was also coupled to the CdS-MPA nanoparticles through the ester bond. A small fraction of phenol ring in poly-4-vinylphenol was attached to the nanoparticles and the other phenol units remained unreacted.
David Modarelli, Dr. (Advisor)
Matthew Espe, Dr. (Committee Member)
Claire Tessier, Dr. (Committee Member)
Thomas Leeper, Dr. (Committee Member)
Hendrik Heinz, Dr. (Committee Member)
204 p.
Chemistry
Hybrid photovoltaic cells, CdS nanoparticle-polymer composites,synthesis, Interface charecterization, NMR spectroscopy, Optical properties

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Lama, B. (2013). Synthesis and Characterization of CdS Nanoparticle/Polymer Composites [Doctoral dissertation, University of Akron]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1375797236

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Lama, Bimala. Synthesis and Characterization of CdS Nanoparticle/Polymer Composites. 2013. University of Akron, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1375797236.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Lama, Bimala. "Synthesis and Characterization of CdS Nanoparticle/Polymer Composites." Doctoral dissertation, University of Akron, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1375797236

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

akron1375797236
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© 2013, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by University of Akron and OhioLINK.