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Iopamidol as a Precursor to Iodinated Disinfection Byproduct (DBP) Formation as a Function of NOM concentration, pH, and Chlorinated Oxidants

Machek, Edward Joseph, Jr.
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7260-110X
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1439045967

Abstract Details

2015, Master of Science in Engineering, University of Akron, Civil Engineering.
The objective of this study was to investigate the formation of regulated and unregulated iodinated disinfection by-products (iodo-DBPs) in the presence of iodinated x-ray contrast media (ICM), natural organic matter (NOM), and chlorinated oxidants. The ICM chosen for these experiments was iopamidol, because it is a known source of iodine in the formation of iodo-DBPs. The experiments were conducted with either aqueous chlorine or monochloramine as the chlorinated oxidant. The pH range used to conduct these experiments was pH 6.5 – 9.0. Also, the NOM and iopamidol concentration were varied to assess their impact on DBP formation. The formation of the regulated DBP chloroform was highest at pH 9.0 for chlorine (up to 2500 nM) and pH 6.5 for monochloramine (up to 55 nM). This trend also held true for dichloroiodomethane, an iodinated THM, where the chlorine experiments formed up to 462 nM and the monochloramine experiments formed up to 48 nM. The formation of the regulated DBPs proved to be a function of iopamidol concentration as well as a function of NOM concentration. The formation of dichloroiodomethane also proved to be a function of NOM concentration, but was significantly impacted by the concentration of iopamidol present. No reliable trends were determined with respect trichloroacetic acid formation. The expected trend of decreased DBP formation with decreased NOM present was observed in all experiments with respect to chloroform, dichloroiodomethane, and trichloroacetic acid. The exception to this was dichloroiodomethane formation in monochloramine experiments, were formation was higher in lower NOM experiments. With respect to the varied iopamidol experiments, iopamidol showed to be significant in both chloroform and dichloroiodomethane formation. Additionally, a statistical model was created to identify an interaction term. This greatly improved the statistical analysis of the data and was able to demonstrate that iopamidol and NOM both significantly impacted the formation of regulated and unregulated iodo-DBPs.
Stephen Duirk, Ph.D (Advisor)
Teresa Cutright, Ph.D (Committee Member)
Richard Einsporn, Ph.D (Committee Member)
338 p.
Environmental Engineering

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Citations

  • Machek, Jr., E. J. (2015). Iopamidol as a Precursor to Iodinated Disinfection Byproduct (DBP) Formation as a Function of NOM concentration, pH, and Chlorinated Oxidants [Master's thesis, University of Akron]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1439045967

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Machek, Jr., Edward. Iopamidol as a Precursor to Iodinated Disinfection Byproduct (DBP) Formation as a Function of NOM concentration, pH, and Chlorinated Oxidants. 2015. University of Akron, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1439045967.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Machek, Jr., Edward. "Iopamidol as a Precursor to Iodinated Disinfection Byproduct (DBP) Formation as a Function of NOM concentration, pH, and Chlorinated Oxidants." Master's thesis, University of Akron, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1439045967

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

akron1439045967
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© 2015, some rights reserved.Creative Commons License Iopamidol as a Precursor to Iodinated Disinfection Byproduct (DBP) Formation as a Function of NOM concentration, pH, and Chlorinated Oxidants by Edward Joseph Machek Jr. is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Based on a work at etd.ohiolink.edu.
This open access ETD is published by University of Akron and OhioLINK.