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Steady State and Dynamic Oscillatory Shear Properties of Carbon Black Filled Elastomers

Norton, Edward
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1553332886931084

Abstract Details

2019, Master of Science in Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Polymer Engineering.
The flow properties of rubbers have been studied for many decades to understand and predict processing behavior. The addition of reinforcing fillers, such as carbon black, is known to greatly affect the rheology of rubber compounds. The present study seeks to find a correlation between the steady shear viscosity and complex dynamic viscosity of carbon black filled rubbers by evaluating the Cox-Merz rule and an alternative approach originally proposed by Philippoff for dilute polymer solutions, but since applied to amorphous polymers and concentrated suspensions. This was done by measuring the rheological properties of 16 rubbers mixed with two different levels of N660 carbon black using a capillary rheometer and a dynamic oscillatory shear rheometer. The pressure drop, end pressure loss, shear stress, and die swell were measured on the capillary rheometer. Both small amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS) and large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) tests were performed on the dynamic oscillatory shear rheometer. The storage modulus, loss modulus, complex dynamic viscosity, and Fourier transform harmonics were recorded. Generally, the end pressure losses, shear stresses, storage, and loss moduli increased and the die swells decreased with increasing filler loading. Relative torque armonics increased with increasing strain amplitude and filler loading. Lissajou figures, shear stress versus shear rate, at 14% strain amplitude showed a nearly linear response for compounds with 20% volume filler. All other shear stress responses demonstrated significant nonlinearity. The complex torque waveforms at 140% strain amplitude for compounds with 35% volume filler displayed a backwards tilted shape consistent with the expectation for highly filled compounds. The complex torque waveforms at 1000% strain amplitude tended toward a rectangular shape consistent with the one expected for pure polymer. Generally, the nonlinear response of the compounds appeared to be dominated by the filler at strain amplitudes of 14% and 140% and by the rubber matrix at strain amplitudes of 1000%. The Cox-Merz rule was not applicable for any of the compounds tested. The complex dynamic viscosity was greater than the apparent viscosity for all compounds tested. However, the approach proposed by Philippoff provided reasonable agreement between the apparent viscosity and complex dynamic viscosity.
Avraam Isayev (Advisor)
Thein Kyu (Advisor)
Erol Sancaktar (Committee Chair)
198 p.
Polymers
steady state; dynamic; viscosity; rubber; carbon black; elastomers; viscoelastic; flow; Cox-Merz; LAOS

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Citations

  • Norton, E. (2019). Steady State and Dynamic Oscillatory Shear Properties of Carbon Black Filled Elastomers [Master's thesis, University of Akron]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1553332886931084

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Norton, Edward. Steady State and Dynamic Oscillatory Shear Properties of Carbon Black Filled Elastomers. 2019. University of Akron, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1553332886931084.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Norton, Edward. "Steady State and Dynamic Oscillatory Shear Properties of Carbon Black Filled Elastomers." Master's thesis, University of Akron, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1553332886931084

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

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