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Winters Thesis (2017).pdf (4.56 MB)

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Effects of Warming and Predation on Invertebrate Activity

Winters, Amanda
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1499357799174464

Abstract Details

2017, Master of Science (MS), Bowling Green State University, Biological Sciences.
Global-average surface temperatures and climate variability are predicted to increase and there is the potential for a positive or negative feedback between atmospheric carbon dioxide and warming. However, our ability to make this determination is crippled by our lack of understanding of the conjoined effects of warming and organisms, both above- and belowground, on elements of the carbon cycle. Herbivores affect plant production as well as soil processes, such as carbon dioxide efflux, by altering litterfall quantity and quality via their grazing activity and excretions. Furthermore, predators can have non-consumptive effects (NCEs) on herbivores, subsequently impacting these effects. Using experimental field mesocosms, we investigated the effects of nighttime, daytime, and hybrid (4 pm to 4 am) warming treatments on interactions between wolf spiders (Lycosidae) and two-lined grasshoppers (Melanoplus bivittatus) on aspen saplings (Populus tremuloides). More frass was found in litterfall in hybrid warming/predator present mesocosms than in ambient temperature/predator present mesocosms. Additionally, spiders tended to be more active under hybrid warming than other warming treatments, and grasshoppers were more than twice as likely to be active if predators were present compared to absent. Soil respiration (carbon dioxide efflux) was lower in soils previously under daytime warming treatments than in soils previously under hybrid warming treatments. These results add to the limited body of literature focused on effects of multiple warming scenarios, including nighttime warming, on organisms and ecosystem processes and emphasize the need for further research on effects of complex warming treatments on trophic interactions.
Shannon Pelini, Ph.D. (Advisor)
Kevin McCluney, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
Brian Scholtens, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
49 p.
Biology; Ecology; Entomology
climate change; warming; non-consumptive effects; herbivory; predation; litterfall; soil; nighttime warming

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Winters, A. (2017). Effects of Warming and Predation on Invertebrate Activity [Master's thesis, Bowling Green State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1499357799174464

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Winters, Amanda. Effects of Warming and Predation on Invertebrate Activity. 2017. Bowling Green State University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1499357799174464.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Winters, Amanda. "Effects of Warming and Predation on Invertebrate Activity." Master's thesis, Bowling Green State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1499357799174464

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

bgsu1499357799174464
342
© 2017, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by Bowling Green State University and OhioLINK.