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Subsurface Depositional Systems Analysis of the Cambrian Eau Claire Formation in Western Ohio

Laneville, Michael Warren
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu154220482332536

Abstract Details

2018, Master of Science (MS), Bowling Green State University, Geology.
The Cambrian Eau Claire Formation in western Ohio was examined using depositional systems analysis. This study investigated whether the transgressive barrier depositional model of Banjade (2011) for the adjacent Conasauga-Kerbel Formations also applies to the Eau Claire Formation. This research has determined that Cambrian estuarine/lagoonal deposits are present in western Ohio. This research found a systematic upward change in the Eau Claire Formation from siliciclastic deposits to carbonate deposits. As such, the Eau Claire Formation represents a transition between siliciclastic deposition of the underlying Mt. Simon Sandstone to the carbonate deposition of the overlying Knox Dolomite. This study also found that the contact between the Mt. Simon Sandstone and Eau Claire Formation to be a ravinement surface, and a probable transgressive surface of erosion, in the key study well. Two cores of the Eau Claire Formation were examined: one core contains 184-m of section from well DGS-2627 (Warren County, OH) and the other contains 134-m of section from well BP- 4 (Core 3502) (Allen County, OH). Microfacies analysis was conducted from each core as well as paleontology (cryptospore) analysis. Gamma-ray logs were obtained in LAS format from the Ohio Geological Survey for Warren (DGS-2627), Allen (BP-4), Miami (Walker Ella-1), Auglaize (Hoelscher D&B Comm-1), Defiance (Haver Pearl A-1), and Shelby (Borland-1) counties in Ohio. Once the data was constructed into log format, the BP-4 (Allen County) core data could be correlated with the log data, in other words, lithofacies observed in the core could be matched to the respective geophysical profile. Based on the relationships described above, a geophysical log model was constructed for BP-4. This log model is used to predict depositional facies from other wells that have only geophysical log data. The model was calibrated using both core and geophysical log data from core DGS 2627 in Warren County by predicting depositional facies from the geophysical logs, and then confirming the predictions using the continuous drill core through core DGS 2627. The Eau Claire Formation mostly consists of fine- to coarse-grained sandstone, shale, and carbonate. Siliciclastic tidal rhythmites formed near the base of the Eau Claire Formation, and carbonate tidal rhythmite formed near the top of the section. In both cases, the deposits include double mud drapes, lenticular bedding, wavy bedding, and flaser bedding. Hummocky stratified sandstones are also seen in the middle portion of the Eau Claire Formation overlain with planar laminated and ripple laminated sandstones, siltstones, and mudstones. These deposits are interpreted as tempestite sequences. Similarities exist between the Banjade (2011) model of a barrier island system and this study in that there are similar lithofacies and an overall transition from siliciclastic to mixed siliciclastic to carbonate deposition in a transgressive sequence. However, the results of this study indicates that this location is closest to an estuarine environment with extensive tidal flat deposits seen in this study. The tide dominant deposits identified in this study can also be found in embayed coasts. Basin mapping shows variability in the study area with possible bayhead deltas to the northeast of the study location along with interdistributary bays along the flanks of these lobes. Also, the extensive tidal flat deposits seen in this study can be found adjacent to either of these environments, along interdistributary bays or adjacent to distributary channels from a delta.
James Evans, Ph.D. (Advisor)
John Farver, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
Jeffrey Snyder, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
186 p.
Geology
Eau Claire Formation; Mt Simon Sandstone; Depositional Systems Analysis; Sequence Stratigraphy; Basin Analysis; Lithofacies Analysis; Geophysical Log Analysis; Core Analysis; Estuarine Environments; Bayhead Delta; Tide Dominant; Wave Dominant; Fluvial;

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Laneville, M. W. (2018). Subsurface Depositional Systems Analysis of the Cambrian Eau Claire Formation in Western Ohio [Master's thesis, Bowling Green State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu154220482332536

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Laneville, Michael. Subsurface Depositional Systems Analysis of the Cambrian Eau Claire Formation in Western Ohio. 2018. Bowling Green State University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu154220482332536.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Laneville, Michael. "Subsurface Depositional Systems Analysis of the Cambrian Eau Claire Formation in Western Ohio." Master's thesis, Bowling Green State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu154220482332536

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

bgsu154220482332536
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This open access ETD is published by Bowling Green State University and OhioLINK.