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Cameron J Pedersen PhD Dissertation.pdf (2.21 MB)

ETD Abstract Container

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Biophotonic Investigation of Cardiac Structure and Hemodynamics During Embryogenesis Using Optical Coherence Tomography

Pedersen, Cameron James
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1575392583935489

Abstract Details

2020, Doctor of Philosophy, Case Western Reserve University, Biomedical Engineering.
Congenital heart disease/defects (CHDs) account for approximately one-third of all birth defects globally. Many of these will require invasive treatment within the first year of life, subsequent interventions, and a lifetime of monitoring. Alcohol has been known as a teratogen for several decades, and prenatal exposure alone is a significant cause of worldwide CHDs. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) has been used as an imaging modality for nearly three decades and is especially suited to the non-invasive imaging of small, semi-transparent tissue structures. Doppler OCT (DOCT) adds the ability to visualize and measure fluid flow and movement of reflective components within the tissue. This work presents the development of technology to further enable DOCT as a tool in measuring the function of anatomical structures. First, an interferometer design is described, which significantly reduces phase noise by incorporating a second, narrow band, continuous-wave light source as a phase-reference. By implementing this interferometer and related processing algorithms into a DOCT system, significant frequency noise reduction is demonstrated in reflective and scattering samples. Second, a modification to a DOCT system is presented using a single sample beam that provides velocity information from multiple angles within the beam. By introducing a delay element into part of the OCT beam path, the sample beam is divided into several components, each with a different group delay and each providing a separate interferogram with its own effective Doppler angle. By combining the Doppler shift measured in each of these component interferograms, the flow velocity vector is fully determined. OCT and DOCT are then applied to an embryonic avian model for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) in order to study the effects of alcohol on early heart development. Folic acid is administered to a test group to learn more about its role in preventing CHDs. Through these embryonic studies, this work suggests that measurable changes in early-stage cardiac function could be not only an effect but also a cause of CHDs and that the introduction of substances such as folic acid could play a mitigative role at crucial junctures in cardiogenesis.
Andrew Rollins (Advisor)
Michiko Watanabe (Committee Member)
Kenneth Singer (Committee Member)
Xin Yu (Committee Chair)
148 p.
Biomedical Engineering; Developmental Biology; Medical Imaging; Optics; Physics; Scientific Imaging
blood flow; congenital heart defects; heart development; fetal alcohol spectrum disorder; folate; folic acid; optical coherence tomography; OCT; Doppler; hemodynamics, prenatal alcohol exposure; phase reference; absolute velocity; imaging; embryo

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Pedersen, C. J. (2020). Biophotonic Investigation of Cardiac Structure and Hemodynamics During Embryogenesis Using Optical Coherence Tomography [Doctoral dissertation, Case Western Reserve University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1575392583935489

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Pedersen, Cameron. Biophotonic Investigation of Cardiac Structure and Hemodynamics During Embryogenesis Using Optical Coherence Tomography. 2020. Case Western Reserve University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1575392583935489.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Pedersen, Cameron. "Biophotonic Investigation of Cardiac Structure and Hemodynamics During Embryogenesis Using Optical Coherence Tomography." Doctoral dissertation, Case Western Reserve University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1575392583935489

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

case1575392583935489
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© 2019, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies and OhioLINK.