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Engineered carbon-based scaffolds for hard and soft tissue repair, reconstruction or regeneration

Czarnecki, Jarema S.
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1386953861

Abstract Details

2013, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), University of Dayton, Mechanical Engineering.
The growing demand for superior materials that function as scaffolds for tissue repair and regeneration has served as a catalyst in medicine. The need for artificial or natural replacement or repair of organs, limbs and tissue presents an opportunity to deliver materials with superior biologics, architecture and mechanical properties. Current biomaterials utilized to repair damaged tissue or augment function commonly fail to meet the optimal combination of biomechanical and healing potential. Additionally, limited donor tissue availability and the increased cost of healthcare are driving factors for improving material processing and diagnostic assessment. Currently, metallic materials, such as titanium and stainless steel, function as implants and reinforcements. However, these materials are permanent and rigid and may inhibit natural healing of damaged tissue. Moreover, metallic implants corrode and fracture, causing repetitive injury and excess scar tissue formation. Conversely, polymer-based materials have shown promising results. A limited number of polymer biomaterials have been approved for scaffold and implant applications. Additionally, some polymers have the ability to degrade, an advantageous characteristic for biological applications. Nevertheless, most natural and synthetic biopolymers lack high strength and cannot be utilized as primary scaffolds in load bearing applications. The materials described earlier present shortcomings. The importance of the presented work is that it utilized mass producible materials, modified them for unique cellular environments and developed a computational model to predict cell behavior and facilitate future design endeavors. Specifically, the current analysis focused on preparing carbon-based scaffolds from monolithic, textile, composite, and nanoartifact derivatives. This work was the first to present an understanding between critical properties of carbon materials: crystallinity, orientation, surface roughness, and surface area and surface chemistry and the cellular environment. Additionally, both gravity and bioreactor driven models were investigated to demonstrate growth process enhancement. Scaffolds were characterized using experimental and computational techniques and cell behavior was investigated on both soft and hard tissue environments. This work presented Cellular Automata models that predicted cell behavior on carbon scaffolds. This exploration supported the preparation of scaffolds that enhanced biological and mechanical performance and promoted integration of tissue for hard and soft tissue applications.
Khalid Lafdi (Advisor)
Robert Brockman (Committee Member)
Wiebke Diestelkamp (Committee Member)
Kevin Hallinan (Committee Member)
Panagiotis Tsonis (Committee Member)
456 p.
Biomedical Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanical Engineering; Medicine
biomaterials; graft; tissue engineering; bioengineering; carbon; nanotechnology; bone; tendon; skin; transplant; organ; tissue scaffold; implant; tissue repair; regeneration; carbon fiber; composite; foaming; molding; biodegradable; bioresorbable

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Czarnecki, J. S. (2013). Engineered carbon-based scaffolds for hard and soft tissue repair, reconstruction or regeneration [Doctoral dissertation, University of Dayton]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1386953861

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Czarnecki, Jarema. Engineered carbon-based scaffolds for hard and soft tissue repair, reconstruction or regeneration. 2013. University of Dayton, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1386953861.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Czarnecki, Jarema. "Engineered carbon-based scaffolds for hard and soft tissue repair, reconstruction or regeneration." Doctoral dissertation, University of Dayton, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1386953861

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

dayton1386953861
296
© 2013, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by University of Dayton and OhioLINK.