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Investigation of Novel Nanoparticles of Gallium Ferricyanide and Gallium Lawsonate as Potential Anticancer Agents, and Nanoparticles of Novel Bismuth Tetrathiotungstate as Promising CT Contrast Agent

Yang, Liu
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1405797738

Abstract Details

2014, MS, Kent State University, College of Arts and Sciences / Department of Chemistry.
Gallium is a main group element. After platinum, gallium was a second metal found has anticancer properties in early 1970s. Gallium is non-toxic and redox inactive. Because of similar ionic radii, electronegativity, ionization potential and electron affinity, gallium ions could be looked as a mimic of ferric ions. Thus, gallium ions are able to interference iron metabolism, especially intracellular process. Ferric ion is a cofactor of ribonucleotide reductase of DNA replication, once ferric ion is replaced by gallium ion, ribonucleotide reductase would be inhibited. This would greatly affect cell division. Due to anticancer properties, gallium compounds are developed as anticancer agent to treat solid tumor. The first generation of gallium anticancer agent was gallium nitrate as an oral drug. However, there are some problems of gallium nitrate. Gallium nitrate is a metal salts which has low efficiency and bio-availability in cancer treatment. Patents needed to take large doses of gallium nitrate to produce desired results. On one hand, free gallium ions may form hydroxide in biological pH. And it could be cleared by kidney in few hours easily. Large dose of gallium nitrate may cause some damage to kidney. On the other hand, tumor cells start to build up drug resistance by either shutting down or turning off transferrin receptor activity or excreting gallium ions through ion pump. To solve these problems, scientists are investigating gallium complexes as small molecules or nanoparticles for drug delivery. We developed gallium ferricyanide nanoparticles and gallium lawsonate nanoparticles as potential anticancer agents to treat solid tumor. Gallium ferricyanide is an analog of Prussian blue which found in 1706 by an artists’ color maker, Heinrich Diesbach. It was used as a pigment in painting for a long time. It was known that Prussian blue is non-toxic. It could use to treat thallium poisoning and as cesium removal. Gallium ferricyanide nanoparticle was investigated regarding its physical properties and anticancer properties to cancer cells. Beside anticancer agents, a potential CT contrast agent was developed. Computed tomography (CT) is a technique for diagnosing diseases using X-ray radiations. CT contrast agents are usually used as “dyes” to highlight specific areas. So CT contrast agents have high X-ray attenuation coefficient which contributes to visualization enhancement. Moreover, heavy elements could contribute to higher X-ray attenuation coefficients. We investigated bismuth tetrathiotungstate nanoparticle which contains heavy metal bismuth and tungsten as a potential CT contrast agent. The results showed bismuth tetrathiotungstate nanoparitcle was non-toxic and has relatively high X-ray attenuation efficiency.
Songping Huang (Advisor)
Scott Bunge (Committee Member)
Mietek Jaroniec (Committee Member)
73 p.
Chemistry
Anticancer agent; CT contrast agent; Nanoparticles; Gallium ferricyanide; Bismuth tetrathiotungstate;

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Yang, L. (2014). Investigation of Novel Nanoparticles of Gallium Ferricyanide and Gallium Lawsonate as Potential Anticancer Agents, and Nanoparticles of Novel Bismuth Tetrathiotungstate as Promising CT Contrast Agent [Master's thesis, Kent State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1405797738

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Yang, Liu. Investigation of Novel Nanoparticles of Gallium Ferricyanide and Gallium Lawsonate as Potential Anticancer Agents, and Nanoparticles of Novel Bismuth Tetrathiotungstate as Promising CT Contrast Agent. 2014. Kent State University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1405797738.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Yang, Liu. "Investigation of Novel Nanoparticles of Gallium Ferricyanide and Gallium Lawsonate as Potential Anticancer Agents, and Nanoparticles of Novel Bismuth Tetrathiotungstate as Promising CT Contrast Agent." Master's thesis, Kent State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1405797738

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

kent1405797738
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© 2014, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by Kent State University and OhioLINK.