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Pimpanitta S 02-05-16.pdf (2.79 MB)

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Depression Classification Among HIV–Infected Pregnant Women in Thailand

Saenyakul, Pimpanitta
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5293-8944
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1448031641

Abstract Details

2015, PHD, Kent State University, College of Nursing.
This cross–sectional, discriminant, secondary data analysis study aimed to: 1) examine if HIV–infected pregnant women in Thailand could be classified into depression groups (non–depressed, mildly–depressed, and severely–depressed) by time of knowing one's HIV serostatus, HIV–related physical symptoms, stressful life events, self–esteem, and emotional support; 2) identify significant predictors of depression classification; and 3) investigate the accuracy of discriminant functions in classifying the target population into depression groups. The diathesis–stress model of depression (Kerns & Turk, 1984) was applied to guide the study. Depression refers to the degree of negative thinking, somatic complaints, and difficulties in interpersonal relationships the participant experiences in the past week as measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies for Depression Scale (CES–D). This study analyzed existing data from 129 HIV–infected pregnant women from four hospitals in Thailand. Data were collected by self–administered questionnaires (alpha ranged from .78 – .90): Rosenberg Self–Esteem Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Norbeck's Life Events Questionnaire, and CES–D. To answer the research questions, discriminant analysis and multinomial logistic regression (MLR) were used. G*Power generated a power of .85 for n = 129. Discriminant analysis results showed that participants could be classified into non–depressed, mildly–depressed, and severely–depressed groups with HIV–related physical symptoms, self–esteem, and emotional support as significant predictors. The whole model yielded 30% of the explained variance. MLR results showed that non–depressed participants could be differentiated successfully from their severely–depressed counterparts. The odds were over 3 times greater that HIV–infected pregnant women with physical symptoms were classified into the severely–depressed group. The odds were over 21 times greater that HIV–infected pregnant women with low self–esteem were classified into the severely–depressed group. The odds were about 5 times greater that HIV–infected pregnant women with low emotional support were classified into the severely–depressed group. Further MLR results indicate that non–depressed participants could be differentiated from their mildly–depressed counterparts using self–esteem as a predictor. The odds were over 4 times greater that HIV–infected pregnant women in Thailand with low self–esteem were classified into the mildly–depressed group. Interestingly, MLR results indicate that mildly–depressed participants could be differentiated from their severely–depressed counterparts using time of knowing one's HIV serostatus, self–esteem, and emotional support. The odds were over 3 times greater that HIV–infected pregnant women who knew their HIV serostatus for a period of less than 3 months were classified into the severely–depressed group. The odds were nearly 5 times greater that HIV–infected pregnant women with low self–esteem were classified into the severely–depressed group. The odds were over 4 times greater that HIV–infected pregnant women with low emotional support were classified into the severely–depressed group. The hit rate of classifying subjects into the severely–depressed group was approximately 85%. Depression classification in HIV–infected Thai pregnant women is crucial. Nurses can identify its predictors and establish an intervention to prevent these women from the downward spiral to severe depression, thus, potentially preventing them from progressing to AIDS.
Ratchneewan Ross (Committee Chair)
Barbara L. Drew (Committee Member)
Christine Heifner Graor (Committee Member)
Madhav P. Bhatta (Committee Member)
157 p.
Health Care; Nursing; Public Health; Womens Studies
Depression classification; Self-esteem; Emotional support; Stressful life events; HIV-positive pregnant women; Thailand; The diathesis-stress model of depression

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Saenyakul, P. (2015). Depression Classification Among HIV–Infected Pregnant Women in Thailand [Doctoral dissertation, Kent State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1448031641

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Saenyakul, Pimpanitta. Depression Classification Among HIV–Infected Pregnant Women in Thailand. 2015. Kent State University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1448031641.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Saenyakul, Pimpanitta. "Depression Classification Among HIV–Infected Pregnant Women in Thailand." Doctoral dissertation, Kent State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1448031641

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

kent1448031641
308
© 2015, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by Kent State University and OhioLINK.