Skip to Main Content
 

Global Search Box

 
 
 
 

Files

File List


JOhtola Dissertation.pdf (1.84 MB)

ETD Abstract Container

Abstract Header

Pneumococcal Vaccination in Aging HIV-Infected Individuals

Ohtola, Jennifer A
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1435076215

Abstract Details

2015, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), University of Toledo, Biomedical Sciences (Infection, Immunity, and Transplantation).
Advanced age and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are both risk factors for Streptococcus pneumoniae infections due to immunological dysfunction. The aging HIV-infected (HIV+) population may be at higher risk for pneumococcal disease due to the combination of these factors on humoral immunity. Current recommendations for pneumococcal vaccination in HIV+ adults include a priming dose of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine followed by one dose of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine 8 weeks later (PCV/PPV). We compared quantitative and qualitative antibody responses to PCV/PPV versus a single dose of PPV in HIV+ adults aged 50-65 years with CD4+ T cells/µl (CD4) >200 on antiretroviral therapy ≥1 year. We found that PCV/PPV did not demonstrate a clear immunological advantage to PPV alone, as serotype-specific IgG levels and functional titers postvaccination were similar between groups. In addition, these antibody responses were significantly reduced in HIV+ subjects vaccinated with PCV/PPV compared to age-matched, uninfected (HIV–) controls who received PCV/PPV. We also characterized the phenotype and surface expression of several receptors on serotype-specific B cells that may influence vaccine responses. HIV+ subjects vaccinated with PCV/PPV generated significantly reduced frequencies of circulating serotype-specific B cells postvaccination compared to those who received PPV only. However, phenotypic distributions of serotype-specific memory B cell subsets were similar between groups. Transmembrane activator and calcium-modulating cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI)+ serotype-specific B cell percentages were significantly decreased in HIV+ PCV/PPV compared to PPV groups, indicating that prior PCV altered TACI expression. It remains unclear if this impact provides any benefit to vaccine responses. CD21+ serotype-specific B cells were also significantly reduced in HIV+ compared to HIV– PCV/PPV groups which may contribute to diminished antibody responses. Collectively, our findings suggest that continued efforts aimed at developing more effective vaccination strategies in susceptible adult populations are warranted, and further investigation into the immunological mechanisms that increase the risk of pneumococcal disease and induce potent vaccine responses are necessary.
M. A. Julie Westerink, MD (Advisor)
Deepak Malhotra, MD, PhD (Committee Member)
Z. Kevin Pan, MD, PhD (Committee Member)
Stanislaw Stepkowski, DVM, PhD, DSc (Committee Member)
R. Mark Wooten, PhD (Committee Member)
124 p.
Immunology; Microbiology
Streptococcus pneumoniae; pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine; HIV infection; aging; B cells; antibody

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Ohtola, J. A. (2015). Pneumococcal Vaccination in Aging HIV-Infected Individuals [Doctoral dissertation, University of Toledo]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1435076215

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Ohtola, Jennifer. Pneumococcal Vaccination in Aging HIV-Infected Individuals. 2015. University of Toledo, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1435076215.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Ohtola, Jennifer. "Pneumococcal Vaccination in Aging HIV-Infected Individuals." Doctoral dissertation, University of Toledo, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1435076215

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

mco1435076215
450
© 2015, some rights reserved.Creative Commons License Pneumococcal Vaccination in Aging HIV-Infected Individuals by Jennifer A Ohtola is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. Based on a work at etd.ohiolink.edu.
This open access ETD is published by University of Toledo Health Science Campus and OhioLINK.