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Patient Perceptions of Medication Counseling Provided by Community Pharmacists

Brinkerhoff, Andrew J
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1470423191

Abstract Details

2016, Master of Science in Pharmaceutical Science (MSP), University of Toledo, Pharmaceutical Sciences (Health Outcomes and Socioeconomic Sciences).
Historically, the role of the pharmacist has been to dispense medications. Currently, this role has shifted to include more medication counseling with a focus on patient-centered care. However, various social and physical barriers exist in community settings that prevent effective medication counseling. These barriers create an environment that restricts the community pharmacists ability to build relationships with patients; through medication counseling. It is vital for community pharmacists to more clearly understand what intrapersonal factors drive a patient to use them for medication counseling. If pharmacists better understood these factors, they could implement different strategies to engage patients. The application of the Health Belief Model could help pharmacists better understand their patients in order to improve medication counseling utilization. This study also provides a valid survey tool for community pharmacists to evaluate how these factors may predict the likelihood of individuals to participate in medication counseling. It is important to assess patients’ perceptions of medication counseling provided by community pharmacists so pharmacists have a greater capability of increasing the utilization of these services. This could aid pharmacists in building stronger relationships with patients, increasing the likelihood of patients to participate in more thorough; reimbursable counseling services in the future. Objectives: 1. To explore relationships between factors that influence the likelihood to participate in medication counseling 2. To identify predictors of an individuals likelihood to participate in medication counseling provided by community pharmacists Methods: This cross-sectional study used a 38-question, 4 or 5-point Likert scale survey, which was developed using constructs from the Health Belief Model (HBM) to measure patient perceptions. This survey was created using elicitation interviews and previous research in patient perception. Each section of the survey represents a construct of the HBM. The validity and reliability of the survey was tested using post-hoc principal component analysis and Cronbach;s alpha. This survey was administered to a convenient sample in shopping malls located in Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, and across the United States online using Amazon Mechanical Turk (AMT). Survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearsons correlation and multiple linear regression. Results: Between February-March 2016, there were a total of 500 individuals who agreed to take the survey. There were 448 responses retained for analysis. Cronbachs alpha for each of the five constructs was between .686 and .910. Standardized factor loadings ranged from 0.34 to 0.83 in the component analysis. The perceived susceptibility construct had weak positive correlations with all constructs being measured. There were positive correlations between past experience and perceived benefits, (r = .484; P = <.05), and between past experience and likelihood, (r = .736; P = .05). There were negative correlations between past experience and perceived barriers, (r = -.298; P = .05) as well as between perceived benefit and perceived barriers (r = -.263; P = .05). Multiple linear regression analysis (F = 43.993; P =.0001, R2 = 0.595) identified perceived susceptibility, past experience, perceived barriers, perceived benefits, and race/ethnicity as significant predictors of an individuals likelihood to participate in medication counseling. Conclusion: This study provides a reliable and valid tool that could be used to assess how patient perceptions influence the likelihood of participation in medication counseling. Patient perceptions were shown to influence an individuals likelihood to utilize medication counseling. Community pharmacists may want to engage all individuals in medication counseling because when an individual experiences counseling, they will be more likely to continue to use it, improving their perceived benefits and reducing perceived barriers to the medication counseling interaction.
Sharrel Pinto (Committee Chair)
Eric Sahloff (Committee Member)
Varun Vaidya (Committee Member)
Patricia Komuniecki (Committee Member)
105 p.
Pharmacy Sciences
patient perception; survey; counseling; community, pharmacy; medication counseling

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Brinkerhoff, A. J. (2016). Patient Perceptions of Medication Counseling Provided by Community Pharmacists [Master's thesis, University of Toledo]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1470423191

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Brinkerhoff, Andrew. Patient Perceptions of Medication Counseling Provided by Community Pharmacists. 2016. University of Toledo, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1470423191.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Brinkerhoff, Andrew. "Patient Perceptions of Medication Counseling Provided by Community Pharmacists." Master's thesis, University of Toledo, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1470423191

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

mco1470423191
1,188
© 2016, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by University of Toledo Health Science Campus and OhioLINK.