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Impacts of an herbicide and predator cues on a generalist predator in agricultural systems

Wrinn, Kerri M.
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1272569523

Abstract Details

2010, Doctor of Philosophy, Miami University, Zoology.
Animals use chemical cues for signaling between species. However, anthropogenic chemicals can interrupt this natural chemical information flow, affecting predator- prey interactions. I explored how a glyphosate-based herbicide influenced the reactions of Pardosa milvina, a common wolf spider in agricultural systems, to its predators, the larger wolf spider, Hogna helluo and the carabid beetle, Scarites quadriceps. First, I tested the effects of exposure to herbicide and chemical cues from these predators on the activity, emigration, and survival of P. milvina in laboratory and mesocosm field experiments. In the presence of H. helluo cues in the laboratory, P. milvina always decreased activity and increased time to emigration. However, in the presence of S. quadriceps cues, these spiders only decreased activity and increased time to emigration when herbicide was also present. Presence of predator cues and herbicide did not affect the emigration of P. milvina from field mesocosms, but survival was highest for spiders exposed to S. quadriceps cues alone and lowest for those exposed to herbicide alone. Secondly, I tested the effects of predator cues, herbicide and prey availability on foraging and reproduction in female P. milvina. Spiders offered more prey captured and consumed more, while those exposed to H. helluo cues consumed less. Availability of prey and exposure to predator cues and herbicide in foraging trials had interactive effects on P. milvina’s subsequent reproductive success. In the low prey treatments, exposure to predator cues and herbicide each reduced reproductive success. In the high prey treatments, exposure to herbicide reduced reproductive success for spiders also exposed to S. quadriceps cues, but increased reproductive success for spiders also exposed to H. helluo cues. Finally, I exposed juvenile P. milvina to S. quadriceps cues and herbicide but found no effect of either on the spider’s growth and development. Together, these results indicate that predation risk and herbicide application likely interact in complex ways to affect the movement, reproduction and survival of a major arthropod predator in agricultural systems, and thus may have complex effects on the food web.
Ann Rypstra, PhD (Advisor)
Michelle Boone, PhD (Committee Member)
Thomas Crist, PhD (Committee Member)
Maria Gonazlez, PhD (Committee Member)
David Gorchov, PhD (Committee Member)
98 p.
Zoology
wolf spiders; glyphosate; herbicide; predator cues

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Wrinn, K. M. (2010). Impacts of an herbicide and predator cues on a generalist predator in agricultural systems [Doctoral dissertation, Miami University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1272569523

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Wrinn, Kerri. Impacts of an herbicide and predator cues on a generalist predator in agricultural systems. 2010. Miami University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1272569523.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Wrinn, Kerri. "Impacts of an herbicide and predator cues on a generalist predator in agricultural systems." Doctoral dissertation, Miami University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1272569523

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

miami1272569523
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© 2010, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by Miami University and OhioLINK.