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Effects of different exercise modalities on postprandial vascular endothelial function in overweight and obese adults

Varty, Conlan Jarrett
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1538406144062176

Abstract Details

2018, Master of Science, Miami University, Exercise and Health Studies.
Postprandial hyperglycemia (PPH) impairs vascular endothelial function (VEF) and increases cardiovascular disease risk. A single bout of aerobic exercise (AE) attenuates PPH-induced decreases in brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), a non-invasive measure of VEF, in healthy adults for up to 17 hours post-exercise. Studies examining the effects of acute resistance exercise (RE) on postprandial FMD responses are lacking. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of different exercise modalities on brachial artery FMD and plasma glucose and insulin responses to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in overweight and obese adults. We hypothesized that a single bout of exercise performed the prior evening would attenuate PPH-mediated decreases in FMD, independent of exercise modality. In a randomized, crossover design, overweight and obese adults [n = 11 (8 women); age = 21.8 ± 3.8 y; BMI = 32.3 ± 5.8 kg/m2] completed three separate trials. Seated rest (control), 30 min of AE, or 30 min of whole-body RE preceded an OGTT by 14-17 hours. Brachial artery FMD and plasma glucose and insulin were measured prior to and at 30 min intervals for 2 hours following the OGTT. Repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were used to evaluate differences within and between trials. A main effect due to time (P<0.001) was observed for FMD. Relative to baseline, brachial artery FMD transiently decreased (P<0.01) at 30-60 min post-ingestion. A main effect due to time (P<0.01) was observed for plasma glucose and insulin. Relative to baseline, glucose increased (P<0.01) at 30-90 min post-ingestion and insulin increased (P<0.05) at 30-120 min post-ingestion. No between trial differences were observed for brachial artery FMD, glucose, or insulin. CONCLUSION: Acute aerobic or resistance exercise performed the evening prior to an OGTT does not attenuate postprandial decreases in brachial artery FMD in overweight and obese adults
Kevin Ballard, Dr. (Committee Chair)
Kyle Timmerman, Dr. (Committee Member)
Ronald Cox, Dr. (Committee Member)
35 p.
Kinesiology
vascular function; postprandial; hyperglycemia; resistance exercise; aerobic exercise; flow-mediated dilation

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Varty, C. J. (2018). Effects of different exercise modalities on postprandial vascular endothelial function in overweight and obese adults [Master's thesis, Miami University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1538406144062176

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Varty, Conlan. Effects of different exercise modalities on postprandial vascular endothelial function in overweight and obese adults. 2018. Miami University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1538406144062176.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Varty, Conlan. "Effects of different exercise modalities on postprandial vascular endothelial function in overweight and obese adults." Master's thesis, Miami University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1538406144062176

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

miami1538406144062176
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This open access ETD is published by Miami University and OhioLINK.