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Nanoscale Temperature Measurement of Phase Transition in Water Using Novel Optical Thermometry Techniques

Alaulamie, Arwa A.
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1493904666617419

Abstract Details

2017, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Ohio University, Chemistry and Biochemistry (Arts and Sciences).
Liquid to gas phase transition can be induced by the interaction of light with very small, but high absorbing particles. In the micro and nanoscale systems, this transition can be used for water purification, equipment sensitizing, drug delivery, cancer cell destruction, and biological imaging, as well as for lithography of microstructure fabrications. All the previously mentioned applications require some optimization to enhance their efficiency. Much has been done to investigate this process thoroughly, but previous studies were mostly based on theoretical calculations. A limited amount of experimental work has been reported on micro and nanoscale vapor nucleation. This dissertation explores and investigates (liquid ↔ gas) phase transitions in a system where nanoparticle heaters drive the nucleation process using a Continuous Wave illumination. The aims of this study are: 1) to introduce a sub-micro thermometry technique that can be used to measure the temperature during a phase transition (liquid → gas) process with high accuracy. 2) Study the effect of the dissolved gases on the nucleation temperature. 3) Develop a new and non-invasive approach for high temperature measurement during a cycle of liquid-vapor nucleation (liquid ↔ gas). Multiple objectives are accomplished in this study: first, erbium oxide nanoparticles (Er2O3) were fully characterized to act as a thermal sensor with a resolution that is only limited by the size of the nanoparticle. Using the optical tweezer technique, the thermal probe is successfully trapped in the solution and attached to a target, where the phase transition takes place. Through the excitation of Er2O3NPs using 532 nm light, the temperature is measured from the two thermally coupled energy states in the photoluminescence spectrum of the nanoparticles. Additionally, due to the collective heating effect of the gold nanorod clusters, a huge amount of heat is generated, which is sufficient for a phase transition to occur. The temperature of the surrounding water is increased until vapor nucleation occurs through the dissipation of heat from the nanoparticle clusters to the water. The effect of the dissolved gases in the nucleation process is demonstrated by conducting multiple temperature measurements in two solutions (degassed and non-degassed). Finally, NaYF4: Er3+, Yb3+ upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are synthesized and characterized in water using a 980 nm laser. The green emission of the UCNPs is used to measure the temperature of the system using the Fluorescence Intensity Ratio Technique. Silver nanoparticle clusters are used to generate heat under 405 nm laser excitation. The temperature during bubble nucleation and collapse is measured by tracking the green emission of the UCNPs using 980 nm light, while the amount of heat generated is controlled using the 405 nm laser.
Hugh Richardson, Dr. (Advisor)
Katherine Cimatu, Dr. (Committee Member)
Jessica White, Dr. (Committee Member)
Eric Stinaff, Dr. (Committee Member)
110 p.
Chemistry; Physical Chemistry
nanothermometry; nucleation temperature; dissolved gas; metallic nanoparticles

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Alaulamie, A. A. (2017). Nanoscale Temperature Measurement of Phase Transition in Water Using Novel Optical Thermometry Techniques [Doctoral dissertation, Ohio University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1493904666617419

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Alaulamie, Arwa. Nanoscale Temperature Measurement of Phase Transition in Water Using Novel Optical Thermometry Techniques . 2017. Ohio University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1493904666617419.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Alaulamie, Arwa. "Nanoscale Temperature Measurement of Phase Transition in Water Using Novel Optical Thermometry Techniques ." Doctoral dissertation, Ohio University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1493904666617419

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

ohiou1493904666617419
591
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This open access ETD is published by Ohio University and OhioLINK.