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Nicotine dependence and socioeconomic status in hard core smokers

Harwood, Gretchen Anne
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1149014851

Abstract Details

2006, Doctor of Philosophy, Ohio State University, Nursing.
Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States and extensive scientific evidence has been reviewed to determine its causation of multiple diseases. Nicotine dependence is recognized as a determinant in the maintenance of smoking and the inability to quit. Hard core smokers have been suggested as having increased nicotine dependence and little probability of quitting. Inequalities in cigarette smoking prevalence exist, with smokers more likely to be poor and less educated. Higher socioeconomic status is associated with higher quit rates. Evidence of a social gradient in nicotine dependence has been demonstrated among smokers residing in the United Kingdom. A secondary data analysis using the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, a cross sectional health survey of a nationally representative sample of the noninstitutionalized U.S. population. The first two objectives included characterization of variables associated with smoking status (hard core, non-hard core and former smoker) and examining the relationship between current smokers and nicotine dependence, based on serum cotinine and time to first cigarette. Respondents were age 26 and older. The last objective included examining the existence of a social gradient in nicotine dependence in an American population and determining if this was associated with race/ethnicity and gender. Our results supported the existence of hard core smokers. Factors associated with nicotine dependence among all current smokers included male gender, younger age, and race. Hard core smoking was associated with having greater nicotine dependence, as measured by time to first cigarette or serum cotinine levels. A social gradient in the American population as a whole was not observed. A reverse social gradient was observed in non-Hispanic black males and females. Findings were intriguing and challenging to interpret. Social determinants experienced by advantaged blacks, such as increased stress and decreased control, possibly contribute to the positive relationship between nicotine dependence and socioeconomic status
Mary Ellen Wewers (Advisor)
126 p.
Health Sciences, Nursing
Hard Core Smokers; Nicotine Dependence; Socioeconomic Status; NHANES

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Harwood, G. A. (2006). Nicotine dependence and socioeconomic status in hard core smokers [Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1149014851

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Harwood, Gretchen. Nicotine dependence and socioeconomic status in hard core smokers. 2006. Ohio State University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1149014851.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Harwood, Gretchen. "Nicotine dependence and socioeconomic status in hard core smokers." Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1149014851

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

osu1149014851
838
© 2006, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.