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Studies on the glycemic index of raisins and on the intestinal absorption of fructose

Kim, Yeonsoo
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1180462637

Abstract Details

2007, Doctor of Philosophy, Ohio State University, Ohio State University Nutrition.
The glycemic index (GI) measures the magnitude of the postprandial increase in blood glucose caused by a test food compared with a reference food/beverage, containing the same amount of carbohydrate. The insulin index is determined in a similar manner of GI calculation, except that blood insulin AUC is used in place of blood glucose AUC. Low GI and insulin index foods are desirable because foods with low GI and insulin index result in gradual increase in postprandial glycemia/insulinemia and lower blood glucose/insulin fluctuations compared with foods with high GI and insulin index. Fructose has low glycemic and insulin index, and catalytic amounts of fructose lower the glycemic response to other carbohydrates. However, prefeeding of fructose is necessary to achieve this effect due to the slow intestinal absorption of fructose. The overall objective of this dissertation was to investigate the current interest of carbohydrate metabolism. The first goal was to determine a difference in carbohydrate metabolism in populations with different metabolic status. The second objective was to determine fructose absorption in the presence of erythritol in vivo and in vitro. The GI and insulin index of raisins were determined and compared in healthy sedentary young adults, endurance athletes, and people with impaired glucose tolerance. The GI of raisins was low in the healthy sedentary people and people with pre-diabetes and was moderate in the athletes, but there were no differences among the subject groups. The insulin index of raisins was not significantly different among the groups. When the simultaneous ingestion of an equimolar amount of erythritol and fructose (FE) was consumed in healthy subjects, breath hydrogen production with FE was 207% higher than that of a beverage of fructose (F), indicating greater carbohydrate malabsorption. Because of the considerable rise in serum erythritol and the decrease in serum fructose in the FE versus F groups, it appeared that erythritol was absorbed at the expense of fructose. The inhibitory effect of erythritol on fructose absorption that we observed in healthy humans was reproducible in a Caco-2 cell model at high doses of fructose and erythritol. Erythritol inhibited fructose absorption in a dose-dependent fashion.
Anne Smith (Advisor)

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Citations

  • Kim, Y. (2007). Studies on the glycemic index of raisins and on the intestinal absorption of fructose [Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1180462637

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Kim, Yeonsoo. Studies on the glycemic index of raisins and on the intestinal absorption of fructose. 2007. Ohio State University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1180462637.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Kim, Yeonsoo. "Studies on the glycemic index of raisins and on the intestinal absorption of fructose." Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1180462637

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

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© 2007, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.