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Use of blood parameters as biomarkers in brown bullheads (Ameiurus Nebulosus) from Lake Erie tributaries and Cape Cod ponds

Rowan, Michael William
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1187122679

Abstract Details

2007, Doctor of Philosophy, Ohio State University, Environmental Science.
To evaluate the use of blood parameters as non-lethal biomarkers of contaminant exposure, brown bullheads (Ameiurus nebulosus) were collected from sites around Lake Erie: Ottawa River(OTT), Black River(BLA), Cuyahoga River harbor(CRH), Cuyahoga River upstream(CRU), and Presque Isle Bay(PIB); along with two reference sites: Huron River(HUR) and Old Woman Creek(OWC). Fish were also sampled from Ashumet Pond(ASH) on Cape Cod and its reference site, Great Herring Pond(GHP). Image analysis measured major axis, minor axis, area, and shape factor of erythrocytes and their nuclei, which determined the proportions of mature, intermediate, and immature erythrocytes. Other types of erythrocytes (karyorrhetic, dividing, enucleate) and leukocytes (neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes) were quantified. To determine effects of capture stress, an experiment was conducted with an ELISA to determine plasma cortisol levels. Lastly, the comet assay and micronucleus assay were used to assess genotoxic exposure. The latter provided another method to quantify polychromatic (immature) erythrocytes. CRH had lower nuclear area than HUR, OWC, BLA, and PIB. OTT, OWC, CRH, and CRU had higher nuclear shape factors than HUR, BLA, and PIB. Percent immature cells in BLA was significantly lower than OTT, HUR, CRH, and PIB; and percent immature cells in HUR and OWC were significantly lower than PIB. Although rare, dividing and enucleate erythrocytes were present. Sediment PCBs, heavy metals, DDTs, and PAHs were associated with various nuclear measurements. HUR had the highest percent monocytes. OWC percent lymphocytes was significantly higher than PIB and OTT. Percent neutrophils was highest in PIB and BLA, which were significantly different from OWC and HUR. Small sample size and below detection limit ELISA readings in the stress experiment produced inconsistent results. CRH had significantly higher PCEs than OWC. This study suggests the acridine orange/PCE method of determining erythrocyte maturity may be preferable to the cell and nuclear morphology method. OWC erythrocytes had 0‰ micronuclei, while CRH had 0.43 ‰. The comet assay showed significantly more genetic damage at CRH and ASH than their reference sites. This research suggests that erythrocyte nuclear morphology, percent immature erythrocytes, and the comet assay are suitable non-lethal biomarkers of contaminant exposure in brown bullheads.
Susan Fisher (Advisor)
brown bullheads; biomarkers; fish blood; Lake Erie; Cape Cod

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Rowan, M. W. (2007). Use of blood parameters as biomarkers in brown bullheads (Ameiurus Nebulosus) from Lake Erie tributaries and Cape Cod ponds [Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1187122679

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Rowan, Michael. Use of blood parameters as biomarkers in brown bullheads (Ameiurus Nebulosus) from Lake Erie tributaries and Cape Cod ponds. 2007. Ohio State University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1187122679.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Rowan, Michael. "Use of blood parameters as biomarkers in brown bullheads (Ameiurus Nebulosus) from Lake Erie tributaries and Cape Cod ponds." Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1187122679

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

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This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.