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Monitoring Phosphorus Transport and Soil Test Phosphorus From Two Distinct Drinking Water Treatment Residual Application Methods

Undercoffer, Jason
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1243532451

Abstract Details

2009, Master of Science, Ohio State University, Soil Science.
Applications of manure and soils with elevated amounts of phosphorus (P) can result in surface transport of P leading to eutrophication of surface waters. Drinking water treatment residuals (WTR) have been identified as a potential best management practice to reduce the loss of P from agricultural fields. Two field simulated rainfall studies were used to investigate the efficacy of WTR to reduce P transport, reduce soil test P (STP), and determine if relationships between STP and runoff dissolved P (RDP) are altered by soil applied WTR. In the first field study, WTR was co-blended with poultry litter to achieve a range of phosphorus to aluminum molar ratios, or phosphorus saturations (Psat), two weeks prior to land application. Blending WTR at rates of 0, 7, 21, 84 g WTR kg-1 manure resulted in phosphorus saturations of 1860% (0WTR), 600% (LWTR), 200% (MWTR) and 50% (HWTR), respectively. Manure soluble P was reduced by 33, 62, and 96% by the LWTR, MWTR, and HWTR, respectively. The treatments were broadcast at 11.3 Mg ha-1 on field plots (2m X 2m) and simulated rainfall was performed prior to, immediately following application and at 1 month intervals for 3 months. Immediately following treatment application, RDP was reduced by 68% by the MWTR treatment and 97% by the HWTR treatment when compared to the RDP of the 0WTR treatment (32.9 mg L-1). These large reductions relative to previous research suggest co-blending WTR with manure prior to land application, rather than broadcasting each material separately, may be a more effective use of WTRs P-binding capability. Currently, Ohio’s P-index uses total manure P as an indicator of P transport risk. Results of this study show that the P-index should be adjusted for WTR treatments. Phosphorus source coefficients determined by soluble manure P is currently used by several states and could be used in Ohio to reflect reduced P transport from WTR co-blending. Co-blending WTR with manure to achieve a final blended Psat < 100% may provide the best protection of water quality and be a useful tool for WTR/manure co-blending calibration. In the second field simulated rainfall study, WTR (10 Mg ha-1) was incorporated into field plots (2m x 2m) with a wide STP range. Soil incorporated WTR reduced STP for all soil test methods following WEP (74.8%) > Psat (50.2%) > M3P (40.2%) > B1P (39.5%) and RDP (39.4%), one day after WTR application. We observed positive linear relationships between Mehlich-3 P (M3P), Bray-1 P (B1P), water extractable P (WEP), and phosphorus saturation (Psat) with RDP for all runoff events. Relationships between M3P, B1P, or Psat and RDP were not significantly altered by soil incorporated WTR while the relationship formed by WEP and RDP had a significantly higher slope when soil incorporated WTR was present. Ohio’s P-index currently utilizes B1P and M3P as an indicator of environmental risk of P transport. Results from this study support the use of B1P and M3P to categorize P transport risk, regardless of previous WTR applications.
Nicholas Basta, PhD (Advisor)
Elizabeth Dayton, PhD (Committee Member)
Brian Slater, PhD (Committee Member)
Kevin King, PhD (Committee Member)
103 p.
Soil Sciences

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Citations

  • Undercoffer, J. (2009). Monitoring Phosphorus Transport and Soil Test Phosphorus From Two Distinct Drinking Water Treatment Residual Application Methods [Master's thesis, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1243532451

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Undercoffer, Jason. Monitoring Phosphorus Transport and Soil Test Phosphorus From Two Distinct Drinking Water Treatment Residual Application Methods. 2009. Ohio State University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1243532451.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Undercoffer, Jason. "Monitoring Phosphorus Transport and Soil Test Phosphorus From Two Distinct Drinking Water Treatment Residual Application Methods." Master's thesis, Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1243532451

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

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This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.