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Use of Biorational Products for the Control of Diseases in HighTunnel Tomatoes and Induction of Certain Defense Genes in tomato by Trichoderma hamatum 382

Subedi, Nagendra
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3726-6238
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250602215

Abstract Details

2009, Master of Science, Ohio State University, Plant Pathology.
High tunnels not only extend the tomato production season and help farmers capture peak prices but also provide favorable conditions for diseases such as Fulvia leaf mold (Fulvia fulva), Botrytis gray mold (Botrytis cinerea), and white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) that are not common in open field conditions. Hence it is essential to establish good disease management practices in high tunnels to ensure highly profitable production. In this study we evaluated two fungi, Trichoderma hamatum 382 and Muscodor albus, singly and in combination along with the copper compound ‘Kocide’, a commercial formulation of hydrogen peroxide ‘OxiDate’, and composted dairy manure. OxiDate and Kocide suppressed the severity of Fulvia leaf mold. None of the foliar treatments or Muscodor reduced the incidence of Botrytis gray mold; however, compost amendment reduced disease pressure when plants were pruned. Plants grown in compost-amended plots had better growth, and the severity of ‘other’ rots was low compared to those grown in non-amended plots. In this study we observed that T. hamatum 382, a good colonizer of potting/planting mix, was not able to colonize field soil. We also evaluated the bio-control activity of T. hamatum 382 against bacterial leaf spot (Xanthomonas euvesicatoria 110C) of tomato in greenhouse conditions. In this study we use Real Time quantitative PCR (qPCR) to monitor the expression of extensin, osmotin and expansin genes in tomato leaves in the presence and absence of T. hamatum 382 before and after inoculation with X. euvesicatoria 110C. Extensin and expansin are cell wall proteins, whereas osmotin is an acidic protein of the PR-5 protein family. Extensin makes crosslinks in cell walls to provide mechanical strength. Expansin makes cell walls weaker by moving cell wall microfibrils apart. Osmotin has antibiotic activities. T. hamatum 382 applied as an amendment of planting mix significantly (P = 0.05) reduced bacterial leaf spot without colonizing above-ground plant parts. Expression of these genes was not consistently changed by T. hamatum 382 before X. euvesicatoria 110C inoculation. However, after X. euvesicatoria 110C inoculation, extensin was up-regulated in both T. hamatum 382-amended, and X. euvesicatoria 110C-inoculated plants. Osmotin was up-regulated only in X. euvesicatoria 110C-inoculated plants. T. hamatum 382 amendment had no impact on osmotin expression. Expansin was initially down-regulated in X. euvesicatoria 110C- inoculated plants regardless of T. hamatum 382-amendment. However, expression of the gene remained low over time only in X. euvesicatoria 110C-inoculated plants growing in T. hamatum 382-amended planting mix. Results of this study suggest that the resistance induced by T. hamatum 382 in tomato plants is different from SAR. During this process tomato plants are primed to down-regulate the expression of the expansin gene after pathogen attack.
Dr. Sally Miller (Advisor)
Dr. Anne Dorrance (Committee Member)
Dr. Terrence Graham (Committee Member)
168 p.
Plant Pathology

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Subedi, N. (2009). Use of Biorational Products for the Control of Diseases in HighTunnel Tomatoes and Induction of Certain Defense Genes in tomato by Trichoderma hamatum 382 [Master's thesis, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250602215

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Subedi, Nagendra. Use of Biorational Products for the Control of Diseases in HighTunnel Tomatoes and Induction of Certain Defense Genes in tomato by Trichoderma hamatum 382. 2009. Ohio State University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250602215.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Subedi, Nagendra. "Use of Biorational Products for the Control of Diseases in HighTunnel Tomatoes and Induction of Certain Defense Genes in tomato by Trichoderma hamatum 382." Master's thesis, Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250602215

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

osu1250602215
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This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.