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PEV Charging Control Considering the Distribution Transformer Life

Gong, Qiuming
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1354550558

Abstract Details

2012, Doctor of Philosophy, Ohio State University, Mechanical Engineering.
Vehicle electrification is an effective way to reduce petroleum consumption, and the emissions caused by conventional vehicles. However, as market penetration of PEVs (Plug-in Electric Vehicle) increases, charging could present some serious challenges to the current electric power grid system. When considering the characteristics of electric power generation, transmission and distribution in the U.S., there is general agreement that local distribution is the most likely part to be adversely affected by the unregulated PEV charging. The increased load that can result from unregulated charging of PEVs could dramatically accelerate the aging of electrical transformers. The objective of this dissertation is to understand and model the aging behavior of residential transformers and to develop control strategies that can mitigate or eliminate the accelerated aging that could result from load peaks caused by PEV charging. The first step in this work is to quantitatively estimate the impact of PEV charging on residential circuits. To this end, a Monte Carlo simulation is developed that considers the stochastic inputs of usage patterns and vehicle characteristics and typical driving cycles to estimate the energy demand of a hypothetical PEV fleet. The result of the Monte Carlo simulation is then used to predict the impact of PEV charging on the life of residential distribution transformers. To estimate transformer life, an aging model obtained from established IEEE standards is used, together with a dynamic thermal model of the transformer used to estimate the transformer winding hot-spot temperature. Thermal modeling is a very important aspect, as aging is predominantly affected by transformer peak temperatures, which are very sensitive to transformer overloads during the warmer months of the year. Thus, the aging model links load patterns to transformer peak temperature through seasonal temperature fluctuations, and permits the assessment of transformer life under a broad range of practical conditions, that take into account regional variations in climate. The aging model makes it possible to develop charging control strategies that protect the transformer system while maximizing overall PEV charging quality. Charging quality is assessed based on the ability to fully satisfy the customer charging demand in a broad range of situations. In particular, the charging control policy makes use of load prediction algorithms using data-driven models that are based on actual electricity consumption data available from the utility Finally, the dissertation extends the results obtained for the case of residential transformers to the case of public charging stations, wherein vehicle traffic and charging demand is not as easily predictable as in the case of residential dwellings. Queuing theory is employed to model vehicle random arrival and departure times to predict charging power demand and the expected waiting time for service in peak hours. In conclusion, this dissertation presents a thorough study of the impact of PEV charging on electrical distribution circuits and of control systems capable of preserving transformer life while delivering the expected charging services to customers.
Giorgio Rizzoni, Prof. (Advisor)
Shawn Midlam-Mohler, Prof. (Committee Member)
Vadim Utkin, Prof. (Committee Member)
Yann Guezennec, Prof. (Committee Member)
Jin Wang, Prof. (Committee Member)
196 p.
Automotive Engineering; Electrical Engineering; Energy; Mechanical Engineering; Sustainability; Transportation
PEV; Distribution Transformer; Charging Control

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Gong, Q. (2012). PEV Charging Control Considering the Distribution Transformer Life [Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1354550558

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Gong, Qiuming. PEV Charging Control Considering the Distribution Transformer Life. 2012. Ohio State University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1354550558.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Gong, Qiuming. "PEV Charging Control Considering the Distribution Transformer Life." Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1354550558

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

osu1354550558
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© 2012, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.