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Regulation of tRNA Subcellular Trafficking in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Huang, Hsiao-Yun
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397411437

Abstract Details

2014, Doctor of Philosophy, Ohio State University, Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology.
Eukaryotic tRNAs serve the essential function for protein synthesis in the cytoplasm. tRNA subcellular movement was long believed to be unidirectional, from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Surprisingly, it is now known that mature tRNAs also move in a retrograde fashion from the cytoplasm to the nucleus via retrograde tRNA nuclear import, a process that is conserved from lower to higher eukaryotes. To investigate the mechanisms of bidirectional tRNA subcellular trafficking, we addressed important and fundamental issues regarding the retrograde pathway using yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as a model system: (1) What are the functions of known Beta-importins in tRNA subcellular trafficking? (2) What are the mechanisms by which the re-export step has specificity to processed and likely charged tRNAs? (3) How does the response to nutrient availability regulate the tRNA re-export step? We first successfully developed an optimized crosslinking-based co-immunoprecipitation strategy to detect in vivo tRNA transport complexes. In vivo genetic and biochemical data suggest that Los1 binds and exports both intron-containing pre-tRNAs and mature tRNAs. Therefore, Los1 functions in both primary tRNA nuclear export and re-export. For tRNAs encoded by intron-containing genes, Msn5 functions primarily in tRNA re-export to the cytoplasm. The specificity of Msn5 to mature tRNAs appears to be assisted by eEF1A via formation of a cooperative nuclear export complex. We also showed that there are multiple levels of control connecting nutrient conditions to tRNA subcellular distribution: tRNA aminoacylation, aa signaling, and subcellular distribution of tRNA exportin.
Anita Hopper (Advisor)
222 p.
Biochemistry; Cellular Biology; Molecular Biology

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Huang, H.-Y. (2014). Regulation of tRNA Subcellular Trafficking in Saccharomyces cerevisiae [Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397411437

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Huang, Hsiao-Yun. Regulation of tRNA Subcellular Trafficking in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 2014. Ohio State University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397411437.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Huang, Hsiao-Yun. "Regulation of tRNA Subcellular Trafficking in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397411437

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

osu1397411437
563
© 2014, some rights reserved.Creative Commons License Regulation of tRNA Subcellular Trafficking in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Hsiao-Yun Huang is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. Based on a work at etd.ohiolink.edu.
This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.