Prior research reveals inconsistent findings regarding the extent to which humor has a beneficial effect on health. Recently, Martin et. al (2003) developed the Humor Style Questionnaire (HSQ) based on a four-fold categorization of humor, including two styles of beneficial humor (affiliative and self-enhancing) and two styles of detrimental humor (aggressive and self-defeating). In the present study, the HSQ and other measures of mood, personality traits, quality of life, and health behaviors were administered to 198 Korean undergraduate students and 180 US undergraduates. The primary purpose of the study was to cross-validate the HSQ in a Korean sample and evaluate the association between the four styles of humor and selected health behaviors. Results indicated a clear four-factor structure that emerged from the factor analysis for the HSQ in the Korean sample. Scale reliabilities were generally acceptable and intercorrelations among the scales were low. Korean participants scored lower than US participants on all four scales of humor, but there were minimal gender differences across cultures. Beneficial styles of humor were significantly correlated with better mood, better quality of life, and higher scores on positive personality traits. In contrast, detrimental styles of humor were significantly correlated with worse mood, lower quality of life, and lower scores on positive personality traits. Also, results indicated that beneficial styles of humor were associated with better health-promoting behaviors such as sleep and dental hygiene, physical activity and doctor visits, and less health-damaging behaviors such as smoking, alcohol, and substance use. In contrast, detrimental styles of humor were associated with less health-promoting behaviors and more health-damaging behaviors. Thus, greater endorsement of beneficial styles of humor was associated with health-promoting behaviors, and endorsement of detrimental styles of humor was associated with health-damaging behaviors. Cross-culturally, the US sample engaged in more preventative health behaviors than the Korean sample but reported more alcohol consumption and worse sleep hygiene. Additionally, results showed that health-damaging behaviors such as smoking, alcohol, and drug use were mainly associated with affiliative and aggressive humor in the US but not in Korea. Overall, the findings support the cross-cultural stability of the HSQ as well as the association between styles of humor and health behaviors.