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Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Fentanyl in Alpacas after Intravenous and Transdermal Administration

Lovasz, Michael F
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4586-9554
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461173885

Abstract Details

2016, Master of Science, Ohio State University, Veterinary Clinical Sciences.
The objective of the study reported here was to determine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of fentanyl in alpacas after intravenous (IV) and transdermal (TD) administration. Fentanyl was administered IV (2 mcg/kg) or TD (2 mcg/kg/hr) in 6 adult alpacas. Samples of venous blood were obtained at predetermined intervals for 24 hours after IV and 96 hours after TD administration to determine plasma concentrations using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sedation score, HR, RR, and the responses to thermal and mechanical nociception were assessed at each time point. Maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of fentanyl was 4.6 +/- 1.8 ng/mL after IV administration, clearance was 921 +/- 189 mL/kg/hr, volume of distribution was 4.3 +/-1.8 L/kg and elimination half-life was 3.1 hours (range 1.87-7.2 hours). Mild sedation occurred within 5 minutes of IV administration and lasted up to 45 minutes. Apparent excitement occurred in three alpacas following IV fentanyl administration. Limb mechanical threshold and abdominal algometry were significantly increased from baseline at 15 minutes and 45 minutes, respectively. Mean maximum plasma fentanyl concentration was 1.3+/- 0.8 ng/mL, mean residence time was 42 +/- 8 hours, and elimination half-life was 16.5 hours (range 10-22 hours) after TD administration. Sedation was mild in three alpacas following TD fentanyl, peaked by 24 hours and lasted up to 60 hours. Plasma fentanyl concentrations peaked and fell rapidly after IV administration. Uptake of TD fentanyl was absorption dependent, but nearly complete. The behavioral responses to IV fentanyl were inconsistent.
Richard Bednarski (Advisor)
64 p.
Veterinary Services
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Fentanyl in Alpacas after Intravenous and Transdermal Administration

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Lovasz, M. F. (2016). Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Fentanyl in Alpacas after Intravenous and Transdermal Administration [Master's thesis, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461173885

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Lovasz, Michael. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Fentanyl in Alpacas after Intravenous and Transdermal Administration . 2016. Ohio State University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461173885.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Lovasz, Michael. "Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Fentanyl in Alpacas after Intravenous and Transdermal Administration ." Master's thesis, Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461173885

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

osu1461173885
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© 2016, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.