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Enhancing Efficiency of Beaconing in VANETs

Feng, Yuhui
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461253651

Abstract Details

2016, Master of Science, Ohio State University, Electrical and Computer Engineering.
The overarching objective of this thesis is to design a framework to improve the performance of V2V and V2I communication as well as reduce the overhead at the application layer, all without sacrificing the level of security achieved by the current existing approaches. IEEE 1609 is the set of standards that specify the wireless access in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs). Both Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) network access is based on variants of 802.11. Furthermore, communication security of VANETs is based on Public-Key Infrastructure (PKI), centrally managed by Certification Authorities (CAs) in order to help provide security by enabling protocols for authentication, confidentiality, etc. Variants of 802.11 (802.11p for vehicular networks) -while being appropriate for a limited area of coverage- are not designed to support mobility. Multiple access (MAC) is designed based on contentions, and contention resolution via randomization, which is efficient for long-sessions and a relatively small number of users. The contention period incurs a large overhead in the case of short packets, and the network throughput drops drastically as the number of users exceed a certain threshold. However, the current security protocol for V2V and V2I communication calls for frequent broadcast of beacons (i.e., short packets) from each vehicle. Also, there are many dense scenarios (e.g., busy highways) in which the number of vehicles per access point/receiver is relatively high (i.e., high number of users). On top of that, PKI-based security is also known having a large overhead at the application layer to achieve security. To address the issues associated with efficiency and security, a group formation framework of vehicles is proposed. In this strategy, Road Side Units (RSUs) do not play a role in group formation. Instead, groups are formed in a fully- distributed fashion. Each group has a leader. The memberships and leaderships are decided and updated depending on the channel estimates and signal strengths between vehicles. Each vehicle exchanges its state only with the group leader and the state of the group is communicated to the RSUs, only by the leader of each group. There are a number of advantages of our approach: 1. By grouping, group member are relative statics, compared with the highly mobility with respect to a stationary observer (e.g., static infrastructure). Based on the scheme that, group leader beacons the relative information of the member, even drop or collision happened in intra-group communication, the infrastructure can get an appropriate update based on the old information. 2. By dedicating the V2I communication to the group leaders only, we transform the short-sessions, high user-population communication setting of the existing approaches into one with long-sessions with only a few active users (leaders). This increases the network throughput significantly in 802.11p. 3. As for security, for the intra-group communication, a lightweight authentication method can be used to achieve the same-level of security. In our framework, authentication is guaranteed once between each group member and the group leader, and it does not need to be renewed as long as the members remain connected to the leader.
Can Koksal (Advisor)
Fusun Ozguner (Advisor)
59 p.
Electrical Engineering
VANETs, Security, Group, Efficiency, Beacon

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Feng, Y. (2016). Enhancing Efficiency of Beaconing in VANETs [Master's thesis, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461253651

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Feng, Yuhui. Enhancing Efficiency of Beaconing in VANETs. 2016. Ohio State University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461253651.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Feng, Yuhui. "Enhancing Efficiency of Beaconing in VANETs." Master's thesis, Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461253651

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

osu1461253651
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This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.