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Inhibition of neutrophil inflammatory mediator expression by azithromycin and amoxicillin

Gibson, Monica Prasad
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7272-6861
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1466084425

Abstract Details

2016, Master of Science, Ohio State University, Dentistry.
Background: Peri-implant healing is susceptible to complications because peri-implant tissues exhibit a more vigorous inflammatory response to wounding than periodontal tissues. While a single dose of amoxicillin (AMX) prior to implant surgery reduces the risk of early healing complications, a recent study suggested that patients taking preoperative azithromycin (AZM) exhibit faster resolution of postoperative inflammation. Objectives: This study compared the effects of AZM and AMX on neutrophil expression of several inflammatory mediator genes involved in the early phase of peri-implant healing (IL-1ß, TNF-a, IL-6, IL-8, G-CSF and GM-CSF). Methods: We compared the effects of AZM and AMX on induction of IL-1ß, TNF-a, IL- 6, IL-8, G-CSF and GM-CSF mRNA. Neutrophils were isolated from healthy human donors and pre-incubated with AZM (4 or 8µg/ml) or AMX (2 or 4µg/ml). Cells were then incubated with LPS (1µg/ml), TNF-a (10ng/ml), or medium alone (negative control) for 1, 2 and 4-hrs. Total RNA was isolated and reverse transcribed into cDNA, which was analyzed to quantify changes in the expression of these six cytokines. Results: LPS and TNF-a induced a similar pattern of IL-1ß mRNA expression, with peak expression at 1 hr. Thus, for the other five inflammatory mediators, the 1-hr time point was selected for study. Induction in neutrophils activated by LPS was markedly reduced in a dose-dependent manner by AZM and AMX for several markers. Real-time PCR proved that full therapeutic dose of AZM was able to statistically reduce the expression of inflammatory markers of neutrophils tested in this study. AMX was effective only in a few cases and under certain conditions. Therefore, AZM was more potent in its direct anti-inflammatory action. Conclusion: AZM produces similar or more potent inhibition of neutrophil inflammatory mediatory mRNA expression in comparison to AMX. Given that a single dose of AZM produces higher and more sustained concentrations in periodontal tissues than a single dose of AMX, AZM has greater potential to inhibit inflammatory mediator expression at a wound site than AMX. This is in agreement with a previous report that pre-operative AZM enhances resolution of inflammation after implant placement surgery to a greater extent than AMX.
John Walters (Advisor)
Binnaz Leblebicioglu (Committee Member)
Agarwal Sudha (Committee Member)
Yun Wang (Committee Member)
42 p.
Dentistry
Peri-implantitis, Azithromycin, Antibiotic prophylaxis

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Citations

  • Gibson, M. P. (2016). Inhibition of neutrophil inflammatory mediator expression by azithromycin and amoxicillin [Master's thesis, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1466084425

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Gibson, Monica. Inhibition of neutrophil inflammatory mediator expression by azithromycin and amoxicillin. 2016. Ohio State University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1466084425.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Gibson, Monica. "Inhibition of neutrophil inflammatory mediator expression by azithromycin and amoxicillin." Master's thesis, Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1466084425

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

osu1466084425
472
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This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.