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Development of Membrane Technology for CO2 Removal and H2 Purification: A Techno-Economic, Lab-Scale, and Pilot-Scale Study

Vakharia, Varun
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1480453792157218

Abstract Details

2016, Doctor of Philosophy, Ohio State University, Chemical Engineering.
Membrane technology is a cost- and energy-efficient process for gas separation. Polymer membranes for CO2 removal offer the advantage of desirable performance along with adequate robustness, handling and ease of scale-up. Facilitated transport-type of CO2-selective polymer membranes, offer reasonably high CO2 permeance, and a remarkably high CO2/H2 and CO2/N2 selectivity at 57 – 102oC. This work focusses the on the development facilitated transport membranes for CO2 removal and H2 purification. Novel membrane materials were developed in the lab-scale for high temperature H2 purification application. A 2-Stage membrane process was proposed for integrating the membrane process to the Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)-based power plant for syngas purification. The experimentally obtained transport performances (of the lab-synthesized amine-containing facilitated transport membranes) were used for the techno-economic analysis of the 2-Stage process. A comprehensive cost-sensitivity study was performed to obtain the optimum operating condition for membrane process in an IGCC power plant for syngas purification. The proposed 2-Stage membrane process for syngas purification at > 100oC was demonstrated to be economically feasible. Based on the cost sensitivity study, the 2-Stage membrane process resulted in an impressive 14 – 18% increase in the cost of electricity (COE). Furthermore, advanced membrane materials were developed targeted for similar applications. The aim was to develop oxidatively stable facilitated transport membranes for H2 purification at 120oC. On those grounds, novel quaternaryammonium hydroxide- and fluoride-containing membranes were developed. This is a first-of-a-kind work that demonstrates the performance of quaternaryammonium hydroxide- and fluoride-containing membranes at > 100oC using air as the sweep gas. Membranes with different total solid compositions were synthesized and investigated for transport performances. The membranes demonstrated CO2 permeance > 100 GPU and CO2/H2 selectivity > 100. Moreover, the membrane demonstrated 145-hour transport stability at 120oC using air as the sweep gas. The commercial feasibility of the facilitated transport membranes was demonstrated by developing a pilot-scale coating technique for the scale-up fabrication of amine-containing membranes. A roll-to-roll continuous membrane fabrication system was developed. A pilot-scale thin-film casting (TFC) assembly was integrated to roll-to-roll continuous membrane fabrication machine. The operating conditions were optimized and the design of the TFC was improved for the development of an efficient process for the pilot-scale fabrication of flat-sheet membranes. A total of > 2000 feet long and 14 inches wide, amine-containing membranes were successfully fabricated in the pilot-scale. Membranes exhibited transport performances in reasonable agreement with the lab-synthesized membranes.
Dr. W.S. Winston Ho (Advisor)
Dr. Stuart Cooper (Committee Member)
Dr. Nicholas Brunelli (Committee Member)
198 p.
Chemical Engineering

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Vakharia, V. (2016). Development of Membrane Technology for CO2 Removal and H2 Purification: A Techno-Economic, Lab-Scale, and Pilot-Scale Study [Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1480453792157218

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Vakharia, Varun. Development of Membrane Technology for CO2 Removal and H2 Purification: A Techno-Economic, Lab-Scale, and Pilot-Scale Study. 2016. Ohio State University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1480453792157218.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Vakharia, Varun. "Development of Membrane Technology for CO2 Removal and H2 Purification: A Techno-Economic, Lab-Scale, and Pilot-Scale Study." Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1480453792157218

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

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This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.