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Catherine Mealer Thesis PDF.pdf (1.26 MB)

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Differences in Dietary Patterns among American Adults by Weight Status

Mealer, Catherine E
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1083-3818
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492631763691216

Abstract Details

2017, Master of Science, Ohio State University, Allied Medicine.
American obesity rates have reached epidemic proportions, with two out of every three individuals being overweight or obese and frequently resulting in the need for medical treatment. Current treatments revolve around dietary changes, yet the behavioral differences between food choices and weight classes have been poorly understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary differences of Americans by weight status. Using a nationally representative sample of Americans, 21,183 dietary recalls and anthropometric values collected from the 2005-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used to assess the daily intake of food and macronutrients. The mean aggregation of food groups per weight category was tabulated with macronutrients, food groups, and Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores examined. Differences in energy (kcals), macronutrients (g), and HEI 2010 scores were compared by normal weight, overweight, and obese weight status. The leading food contributor to total caloric intakes across weight statuses was mixed dishes, contributing significantly more energy for obese consumers than normal weight and overweight consumers. Protein foods also contributed more to dietary intakes for obese also with significantly more energy for consumers. For all weight categories, nonalcoholic beverages contributed nearly 20% of total dietary carbohydrates. As well, obese consumers obtained significantly more daily energy from low-calories beverages, coffee, and tea than others. HEI scores indicated a significantly lower total score for obese individuals than normal weight, though scores were poor across all weight categories. We can conclude that obese individuals have higher calorie choices and preparations of specific food sources and lower adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans than those of normal weight. Examining the specifics of what food intake differences exist between normal weight and obese individuals can help shed more light on specific weight-loss practice recommendations for medical professionals.
Christopher Taylor (Advisor)
Colleen Spees (Committee Member)
Neal Hooker (Committee Member)
Nutrition
obesity, diet

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Mealer, C. E. (2017). Differences in Dietary Patterns among American Adults by Weight Status [Master's thesis, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492631763691216

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Mealer, Catherine. Differences in Dietary Patterns among American Adults by Weight Status. 2017. Ohio State University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492631763691216.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Mealer, Catherine. "Differences in Dietary Patterns among American Adults by Weight Status." Master's thesis, Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492631763691216

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

osu1492631763691216
157
© 2017, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.