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The Effects of an Anti-Coccidial Vaccination in Conjunction with Supplemental Protease, Vitamin C and Differing Levels of Dietary Protein on the Production and Gut Barrier Function in Young Broiler Chickens

Hutsko, Stephanie, Hutsko
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1511167090610371

Abstract Details

2017, Doctor of Philosophy, Ohio State University, Animal Sciences.
With the increasing limitations regarding the use of anti-microbials leading to intensified infections, particularly in the case of coccidiosis, it is imperative to find suitable alternative methods to control disease and promote production. A coccidiosis infection can potentially lead to bird mortality as well as a decrease in body weight. A subsequent decrease in feed efficiency correlates to a significant decrease in production efficiency and profit. In the following studies we investigated the effects of a coccidiosis vaccination in conjunction with dietary protease and Vitamin C supplementation and varying protein levels on broiler production, gut barrier function and immune responses. In the first study we successfully sequenced genes associated with the gut barrier in turkeys for further study. From these sequences, homologous primers were designed for the Meleagris gallopavo genes MUC2, TFF2, RPS13 and TBP to be used in future research. In the second and third studies we were interested in the effects of an anti-coccidial vaccine and supplemental protease and Vitamin C on broiler gut health and body weight gain. In the second study, there was a significant day by vaccination interaction for body weight as the vaccinated chicks weighed significantly less than the Control chicks only on day 21 (P=0. 043). Oocyst shedding patterns were similar in both the Control and vaccinated chicks although the magnitude of oocyst shedding was obviously greater in the vaccinated chicks at each age (P=0. 029). There were no significant effects of vaccination on NO production, but there was an increase in NO in those chicks supplemented with the protease and Vitamin C at a significance level of P=0. 06. MUC2 gene transcription was significantly increased in chicks fed the supplemented diet supplemented (P=0. 02), but there was no difference due to vaccination. Neither TFF2 nor TLR4 were affected by vaccination or dietary supplementation. The cytokines, IL-4 and IL-10, increased with age and vaccination (IL-4: P=0. 0004, P=0. 0075; IL-10: P=0. 0372, P=0. 052) and IL-4 was increased significantly in birds fed the supplemented diets (P=0. 03). In the third study, amino acid digestibility was significantly improved in chicks fed the PC diet supplemented with protease. There was a significant interaction effect of age and supplementation on MUC2 transcription (P=0. 068) in that transcription was increased by both Vitamin C supplemented groups only at day 28. This interaction was also significant for TFF2 (P=0. 0069), TLR2 (P=0. 0005), TLR4 (P=0. 0001), and COL1 (P=0. 0078), but we saw the opposite effect: the supplemented birds had positive effects on transcription only at day 10. TFF2 transcription was also positively affected by the day by protein level interaction (P=0. 0002), which was observed with TLR2 (P=0. 0005), TLR2 (P=0. 001) and COL1 (P=0. 0028) also. Only TLR2 transcription was significantly altered by the protein level by supplementation treatment interaction (P=0. 0001), with the birds fed the NC with protease diet having the highest level of transcription compared to all other treatment combinations that were at a similar level. IL-4 was positively affected by the interaction of day and protein level, with the NC birds on day 28 having the highest levels of transcription (P=0. 029). There were no significant effects on acidic mucin type expression, though there was a significant decrease in neutral goblet cells as age increased (P=0. 0001). Total goblet cell numbers were significantly affected by the day by supplementation treatment, increasing overall at day 28 (P=0. 005). Overall, we concluded that vaccinating chicks on day of hatch allows for sufficient oocyst cycling to elicit an immune response and found that protein level in the diet as well as supplemental protease can improve the gut barrier function and immune response in young broilers, while also improving amino acid digestibility.
Michael Lilburn (Committee Member)
Macdonald Wick (Committee Member)
Lisa Bielke (Committee Member)
Ramesh Selvaraj (Committee Member)
102 p.
Animal Sciences
Coccidiosis, Broiler, Vitamin C, Protease

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Hutsko, Hutsko, S. (2017). The Effects of an Anti-Coccidial Vaccination in Conjunction with Supplemental Protease, Vitamin C and Differing Levels of Dietary Protein on the Production and Gut Barrier Function in Young Broiler Chickens [Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1511167090610371

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Hutsko, Hutsko, Stephanie. The Effects of an Anti-Coccidial Vaccination in Conjunction with Supplemental Protease, Vitamin C and Differing Levels of Dietary Protein on the Production and Gut Barrier Function in Young Broiler Chickens. 2017. Ohio State University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1511167090610371.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Hutsko, Hutsko, Stephanie. "The Effects of an Anti-Coccidial Vaccination in Conjunction with Supplemental Protease, Vitamin C and Differing Levels of Dietary Protein on the Production and Gut Barrier Function in Young Broiler Chickens." Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1511167090610371

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

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This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.