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Explore the Link of PM10 with Meteorological Factors and Ambient Air Concentrations of Ozone, CO and NO2 using Time Series for Cleveland, Ohio

Varadarajan, Charanya

Abstract Details

2004, Master of Science in Civil Engineering, University of Toledo, Civil Engineering.
Major urban areas are finding air quality problems such as, high concentrations of particulate matter. Particles less than 10 microns (PM10) in diameter are targeted because these small particles can easily penetrate into the deepest regions of the lungs. Epidemiological studies strongly confirm the hazards of breathing fine particles at concentrations typically found in ambient air in U.S. cities. The stringent standards and the rigorous measures taken to reduce the levels of particulates since 1996, has resulted in a considerable decrease in the pollutant concentration. Ambient concentrations of PM10 collected in Cleveland, Ohio are analyzed to study the behavior of PM10 and factors that affect variation in PM10. Two approaches of time series modeling technique – KZ Filter and Box Jenkins Transfer Function are used to analyze the data. The trend models developed from the KZ filter process and the cross correlations from the Box Jenkins procedure are used to establish the relationships of PM10 with meteorological variables as well as the ambient concentrations of the photochemical contaminants (ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and Carbon monoxide (CO)). The models were developed for both the hourly and daily average values of PM10. The robustness of the KZ models was determined using three evaluation parameters while the transfer function models were tested for their convergence with their residual plots. The typical inputs for the hourly KZ filter models included hourly temperature, wind speed and ozone concentration. The KZ analysis showed that hourly PM10 has positive association with hourly temperature for most of the periods for the city of Cleveland. Hourly PM10 showed comparatively less relation to ozone and wind speed. It was found that for different periods of a year, different types of models were relevant to explain the behavior of the data. The transfer function procedure for PM10 and the ambient concentrations of ozone, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen dioxide revealed the important lags of each of the variables that need to be considered for forecasting PM10 in Cleveland. The transfer function procedure revealed that there is significant correlation between PM10 and the other gas concentrations. The analysis showed that NO2 in Cleveland is strongly correlated with PM10. CO was more significantly correlated to PM10 during the periods of April to October. Significant relation between next day ozone and current PM10 concentrations were also revealed from this study.
Ashok Kumar (Advisor)
122 p.

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Citations

  • Varadarajan, C. (2004). Explore the Link of PM10 with Meteorological Factors and Ambient Air Concentrations of Ozone, CO and NO2 using Time Series for Cleveland, Ohio [Master's thesis, University of Toledo]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1083771115

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Varadarajan, Charanya. Explore the Link of PM10 with Meteorological Factors and Ambient Air Concentrations of Ozone, CO and NO2 using Time Series for Cleveland, Ohio. 2004. University of Toledo, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1083771115.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Varadarajan, Charanya. "Explore the Link of PM10 with Meteorological Factors and Ambient Air Concentrations of Ozone, CO and NO2 using Time Series for Cleveland, Ohio." Master's thesis, University of Toledo, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1083771115

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)