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Examining the Underlying Dimensions of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder Using the Proposed DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria

Biehn, Teresa L.

Abstract Details

2014, Doctor of Philosophy, University of Toledo, Psychology.
This study examined the relationship between the underlying factors of major depressive disorder (MDD) and the revised diagnostic symptom criteria of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) for the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5). Additionally, this study investigated the goodness-of-fit of the PTSD model proposed for DSM-5 and tested a model alteration which included a dysphoria factor. A total of 266 University of Toledo college students with a trauma history participated in the study. Subjects completed a modified version of the Stressful Life Events Screening Questionnaire to assess for trauma exposure which is consistent with the DSM-5’s diagnostic criteria for trauma exposure. In addition, subjects completed the PTSD Checklist (PCL) modified for the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for assessing depression. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to evaluate the goodness-of-fit of the DSM-5 PTSD model and the dysphoria model, as well as a depression model using the PHQ-9, and a combined PTSD-MDD model. Results indicate that all four models demonstrate adequate to excellent fit. The proposed DSM-5 PTSD model demonstrated superior fit over the DSM-5-adapted PTSD dysphoria model. Wald’s tests of parameter constraints were used to test the relationship between PTSD’s and MDD’s factors and indicated that PTSD's negative alterations in arousal factor and avoidance factor were more strongly related to depression's somatic factor than non-somatic factor; PTSD's negative alterations in cognitions and mood factor was more strongly related to depression's non-somatic factor than its somatic factor. This study furthers a nascent line of research examining the relationship between PTSD’s and MDD’s factors in order to better understand the nature of the high comorbidity rates between the two disorders and provides an initial analysis of the new diagnostic criteria for PTSD.
Jon Elhai, Ph.D. (Committee Chair)
Laura Seligman, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
Jason Rose, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
Marijo Tamburrino, M.D. (Committee Member)
Scott Molitor, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
68 p.

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Biehn, T. L. (2014). Examining the Underlying Dimensions of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder Using the Proposed DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria [Doctoral dissertation, University of Toledo]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1402575685

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Biehn, Teresa. Examining the Underlying Dimensions of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder Using the Proposed DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria. 2014. University of Toledo, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1402575685.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Biehn, Teresa. "Examining the Underlying Dimensions of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder Using the Proposed DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria." Doctoral dissertation, University of Toledo, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1402575685

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)