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Smart Piezoelectric Calcium Phosphates for Orthopedic, Spinal-fusion and Dental Applications

Koju, Naresh
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1524047236280822

Abstract Details

2018, Master of Science, University of Toledo, Mechanical Engineering.
Calcium phosphate (CaP) compounds have been used as orthopedic, spinal and dental implants, and bone graft substitutes for several decades. Their good biocompatibility and bioactivity and most importantly their resemblance to bone and teeth mineral, make them perfect for orthopedic applications. However, the available CaPs possess a major drawback of slow bone formation rate resulting in a longer time for recovery of patients. Thus, this affects the psychological, physical and economic well-being of the patient and their family members. Electrical stimulation has been proven to enhance the osseous formation in different animal studies which in turn led towards the development of different piezoelectric devices and piezoelectric/biomaterial composites. Keeping these facts in mind, present work utilized the piezoelectric nature of Barium titanate (BT) into the different CaP compounds. The prime focus of this thesis is to enhance the electrical properties of CaP such that it helps to promote early osteogenesis. Furthermore, the minimally invasive surgery demands for the injectable self-setting CaP formulations whereas dense CaP scaffolds are most for the load-bearing applications. To address these applications, we carried out two different projects, first being injectable monetite based piezoelectric bone cement and second sintered HA-BT piezobiocomposites. Interestingly, as far as our knowledge, no literature is available on the CaP bone cement with piezoelectric properties. Thus, the development of piezo- CaP bone cement is the first of its kind and signifies the novelty of this thesis. Here, BT particles act as a source of electrical energy during normal physical loading conditions. The incorporation of BT into CaPs results in three major advantages. First, it improves the electrical properties (dielectric constant, piezoelectric coefficient) of the CaPs. Second, considering CaPs as a preferable cell-growing scaffold, BT incorporation enhances osteoblast cell activities and responses. Lastly, in case of CaP cement formulations, it increases the radiopacity such that the cement flow can be tracked under fluoroscopy and leakage can be avoided. The influence of ferroelectric barium titanate incorporation into sintered and self-setting CaPs scaffolds was studied in terms of physical, mechanical, chemical and biological properties. Additionally, the effectiveness of conventional sintering was compared with high-tech, capital-intensive spark plasma sintering (SPS). The whole thesis is divided into three different chapters. The first chapter provides the overview on BT, self-setting CaP and sintered HA and studies on them. The second chapter deals with the monetite based bone cement and the last chapter describes conventionally sintered HA-BT. Both, bone cement and sintered HA-BT, samples exhibited desired mechanical and electrical properties. Moreover, they were not cytotoxic and helped in cell proliferation thus making them a possible candidate for different orthopedic, spinal-fusion and dental applications.
Sarit B. Bhaduri, Ph.D. (Committee Chair)
Mehdi Pourazady, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
Matthew Franchetti, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
90 p.
Mechanical Engineering
Smart piezoelectric; barium titanate; calcium phosphate; bone cement; conventional sintering

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Koju, N. (2018). Smart Piezoelectric Calcium Phosphates for Orthopedic, Spinal-fusion and Dental Applications [Master's thesis, University of Toledo]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1524047236280822

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Koju, Naresh. Smart Piezoelectric Calcium Phosphates for Orthopedic, Spinal-fusion and Dental Applications. 2018. University of Toledo, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1524047236280822.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Koju, Naresh. "Smart Piezoelectric Calcium Phosphates for Orthopedic, Spinal-fusion and Dental Applications." Master's thesis, University of Toledo, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1524047236280822

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

toledo1524047236280822
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This open access ETD is published by University of Toledo and OhioLINK.