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Physiochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Quaternized Chitosan Nanoparticle-Surfactant Mixtures

Saner, Brandon
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1525440791263562

Abstract Details

2018, Master of Science, University of Toledo, Chemical Engineering.
Commercial antibacterial formulations typically contain toxic biocidal compounds such as cationic surfactants, sodium hypochlorite or triclosan. To this end, recent studies have explored using biocidal biopolyelectrolyte-based particles as potential substitutes. In this thesis, we exploit the antibacterial activity of chitosan derivative, N-(2-hydroxyl)propyl-3-trimethyl ammonium chitosan chloride (HTCC), in preparing antibacterial colloidal particles. The particles are formed via self-assembly by complexing HTCC with either tripolyphosphate (TPP) or alginate. Each ingredient used to prepare these particles is non-toxic to mammalian cells and their physiochemical properties are easily tuned by varying the HTCC, TPP and alginate concentrations, as well as the solution pH. Since phosphates can lead to aquatic eutrophication upon their disposal into the environment, the use of alginate over TPP is desirable. Moreover, HTCC/alginate particles form over a broader range of compositions than HTCC/TPP particles and (at least at the compositions explored for the two particle types) remain stable for longer times. HTCC/alginate particles maintain their dispersed state over as long as 9 months of iv storage at both room temperature and refrigerated (4 °C) conditions, and particles mixed with non-ionic non-toxic surfactant Triton X-100 (TX-100) stayed stable over as many as 6 months under the same conditions. This particle/surfactant mixture was tested against several bacterial strains, both Gram-positive and Gram-negative. Though it exhibited biocidal activity against all tested strains, the particle/surfactant mixture was especially effective against highly resistant opportunistic pathogen P. aeruginosa (where complete bacterial reduction was achieved within 30 min of contact). Finally, the effect of this formulation on wastewater treatment was investigated with the Microtox Toxicity Test (MTT), which indicated that the particle/surfactant mixture have a negligible toxicity to aquatic organisms upon disposal. Overall, this thesis elucidates preferred formation conditions for preparing tunable and highly stable colloidal particles that are effective biocidal agents towards both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, especially P. aeruginosa.
Yakov Lapitsky, PhD (Committee Chair)
Youngwoo Seo, PhD (Committee Member)
Dong-Shik Kim, PhD (Committee Member)
79 p.
Chemical Engineering; Environmental Engineering
Chitosan; HTCC; alginate; polyelectrolyte; antibacterial; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; surfactant

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Saner, B. (2018). Physiochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Quaternized Chitosan Nanoparticle-Surfactant Mixtures [Master's thesis, University of Toledo]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1525440791263562

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Saner, Brandon. Physiochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Quaternized Chitosan Nanoparticle-Surfactant Mixtures. 2018. University of Toledo, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1525440791263562.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Saner, Brandon. "Physiochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Quaternized Chitosan Nanoparticle-Surfactant Mixtures." Master's thesis, University of Toledo, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1525440791263562

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

toledo1525440791263562
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This open access ETD is published by University of Toledo and OhioLINK.