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Rotating Drum Biofiltration

Yang, Chunping
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1092668752

Abstract Details

2004, PhD, University of Cincinnati, Engineering : Environmental Engineering.
Biofiltration has developed into a promising technology for the abatement of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), odors, and hazardous air pollutants in waste gas streams. Many factors, however, are still creating an environment for greater innovation as well as new products for biofiltration processes. Rotating drum biofilters (RDBs) are such an innovation. The objectives of this investigation are to develop and understand RDBs and consequently to design and operate RDBs properly. Three RDBs, a single-layer RDB, a multi-layer RDB, and a hybrid RDB, were developed and evaluated at various design and operation conditions in this investigation. Spongy medium that was used to support the biofilms was mounted on a cylindrical drum frame that was rotated at a preset speed. Diethyl ether, toluene, and hexane were chosen as the model VOC. Results showed that the RDBs were readily started up and removed VOCs with high water solubility and a low value of Henry' constant efficiently with more than 6 month duration without any biomass control measures. The single-layer and hybrid RDBs usually reach the lowest and highest VOC removal efficiency. VOC removal efficiency decreased with increased VOC loading rate and decreased gas empty contact time (EBCT). Nitrate in the liquid phase of the RDBs can be rate-limiting for diethyl ether removal. With increased drum rotating speed, the change in VOC removal efficiency depends on VOC properties, VOC loading rate, drum rotating speed value, and biofilter configurations. The microbial community structure along medium depth are almost identical for each of the RDBs , however, the structure changes with the operation conditions and biofilter configuration. Review of the biomass accumulation rates among different layers reveals four biomass accumulation patterns which represent different removal mechanisms: surface biofiltration, in-depth biofiltration, shallow biofiltration, and reverse biofiltration. The dominant biomass accumulation pattern in an RDB can be predicted and can, to a certain extent, be controlled. Mechanism-based procedures for biofilter design and operation are consequently proposed. The outcome of this research is critical for understanding the rotating drum biofiltration, properly designing and operating RDBs, and consequently rendering RDBs cost-effective for the control of VOC emissions.
Dr. Makram Suidan (Advisor)
301 p.
Engineering, Environmental
biodegradation; biofilm; biofilter; biofiltration; biomass; design; DGGE; empty bed contact time; foam medium; microbial community structure; nitrate; operation; organic loading rate; PCR; removal mechanism; rotating drum biofilter; rotating speed

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Yang, C. (2004). Rotating Drum Biofiltration [Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1092668752

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Yang, Chunping. Rotating Drum Biofiltration. 2004. University of Cincinnati, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1092668752.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Yang, Chunping. "Rotating Drum Biofiltration." Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1092668752

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

ucin1092668752
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© 2004, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by University of Cincinnati and OhioLINK.