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SURFACE INTERACTIONS OF SURFACE WASHING AGENTS: AN EXAMINATION OF DETERGENCY, INTERFACIAL TENSION AND CONTACT ANGLE

KORAN, KAREN M

Abstract Details

2007, PhD, University of Cincinnati, Engineering : Environmental Engineering.
A laboratory testing protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of surface washing agents (SWAs) to remove crude oil from solid substrates was developed in this study. Variables were tested to determine their effect on SWA performance using Prudhoe Bay Crude (PBC) oil as a representative oil. The protocol was most sensitive to the SWA-to-oil ratio (SOR), rotational speed of mixing, and oil weathering; it was not greatly affected by volume of oil applied, oil-SWA contact time, mixing time, or SWA concentration (when total applied mass was constant). The protocol was tested using wet and dry substrates. Application of oil to dry substrates is preferred based on lower variability and greater differential between treatments and controls. Interfacial tension and contact angle were measured for PBC in the presence of 5 SWAs at 3 concentrations. SWAs were ranked based on 1) efficiency under the developed protocol, 2) ability to reduce interfacial tension and 3) ability to increase oil-substrate contact angle. Four of six SWAs had the same relative rankings under each of these criteria. The other two ranked high based on ability to lower interfacial tension, but low for an increase in contact angle. The efficiency of these two products under the protocol was mid to low. The best predictor of SWA performance at high SOR was the term representing the difference between SWA-substrate and oil-substrate interfacial tensions (óSC - óSO). This term is a measure of the preferential wetting of the substrate surface by either the oil or the SWA wash water. A high correlation was observed between SWA efficiency at 10:1 SOR and the óSC - óSO difference at 5% SWA solution concentration. At low SOR, CMC was a better predictor of SWA performance.
Dr. George Sorial (Advisor)
240 p.

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • KORAN, K. M. (2007). SURFACE INTERACTIONS OF SURFACE WASHING AGENTS: AN EXAMINATION OF DETERGENCY, INTERFACIAL TENSION AND CONTACT ANGLE [Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1186105489

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • KORAN, KAREN. SURFACE INTERACTIONS OF SURFACE WASHING AGENTS: AN EXAMINATION OF DETERGENCY, INTERFACIAL TENSION AND CONTACT ANGLE. 2007. University of Cincinnati, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1186105489.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • KORAN, KAREN. "SURFACE INTERACTIONS OF SURFACE WASHING AGENTS: AN EXAMINATION OF DETERGENCY, INTERFACIAL TENSION AND CONTACT ANGLE." Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1186105489

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)