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Energy and Nutrient Intake of Infants and Toddlers: A Longitudinal View of Nutritional Adequacy

Paxton, Kaitlyn D
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1367942428

Abstract Details

2013, MS, University of Cincinnati, Allied Health Sciences: Nutrition.
Background: The first 2 years of life are important for growth and development of children, but there is not much food and nutrient intake data available for this population. The purpose of this study is to assess energy and nutrient intake from food only, including breast milk and formula, in infants through toddlerhood, and identify deficiencies and excesses of nutrients when compared to the Institute of Medicine's Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). Methods: This longitudinal cohort study followed 60 infants over 18 months. Three-day food records were collected at six weeks, and six, 12, and 18 months of age and analyzed for energy and nutrient intakes. The mean, range of intake, and the percent of the recommendation met was calculated for both energy and macronutrients. The percentage of those who did not meet the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) or Adequate Intake (AI) and the percentage with intakes above the Upper Intake Levels (UL), for specific vitamins and minerals, were also calculated. Results: Energy and macronutrient levels met or exceeded 100% of the recommendation at all time points with the exception of: carbohydrates at six weeks of age which met 91% and fiber at 18 months which met only 51% of the recommendation. More than 50% of the sample did not meet DRI recommendations for: magnesium, iron, zinc, vitamins D, E, C, and B6, thiamin and folate at six weeks; vitamin D at six months; vitamins D and E at 12 months and vitamins D, E, and K at 18 months. More than 50% of the sample exceeded UL recommendations for: zinc at six and 12 months; and phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, and niacin at 18 months. Conclusions and Implications: Healthcare professionals may want to monitor the diet of infants and toddlers more closely for nutritional adequacy.
Graciela Falciglia, Ph.D. (Committee Chair)
Seung-Yeon Lee, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
25 p.
Nutrition
Infants; Toddlers; Dietary Reference Intakes; Energy and Nutrient Adequacy; Longitudinal;

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Paxton, K. D. (2013). Energy and Nutrient Intake of Infants and Toddlers: A Longitudinal View of Nutritional Adequacy [Master's thesis, University of Cincinnati]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1367942428

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Paxton, Kaitlyn. Energy and Nutrient Intake of Infants and Toddlers: A Longitudinal View of Nutritional Adequacy. 2013. University of Cincinnati, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1367942428.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Paxton, Kaitlyn. "Energy and Nutrient Intake of Infants and Toddlers: A Longitudinal View of Nutritional Adequacy." Master's thesis, University of Cincinnati, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1367942428

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

ucin1367942428
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© 2013, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by University of Cincinnati and OhioLINK.