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A Longitudinal Examination of the Milk and Dairy Product Intake Patterns of Infants Six Weeks to Eighteen Months of Age

Jain, Noopur
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1421921568

Abstract Details

2015, MS, University of Cincinnati, Allied Health Sciences: Nutrition.
Objective: To assess the milk and dairy product intake patterns, specifically the type of, amount and age at introduction of milk and dairy products, in infants at 6 weeks and 6, 12 and 18 months of age. Methods: Eligible infants were healthy, term infants with mothers who had a BMI ≥ 25 and had been recruited for a larger study. Three-day food records were collected from the mothers using a multiple passes method and the Nutrition Data System for Research at 6 weeks (n=52), 6 months (n=39), 12 months (n=35), and 18 months (n=31) of infant age to obtain daily breast milk, formula, cow’s milk, and dairy product intake data. The percentage of infants consuming any of these products at each time point was calculated. The average daily amount of intake in grams of each of these products and total amount of milk and dairy product consumed in grams was calculated. Maternal and infant demographics were collected via questionnaires at 6 weeks of infant age. Results: The proportion of infants receiving breast milk decreases over time with 41% breast fed at 6 months, 20% at 12 months and 9.7% at 18 months. Breastfeeding is not exclusive for 6 months, with almost 70% of total daily milk and dairy feedings coming formula at 6 months of age. Formula use sharply decreases at 12 months, at which time cow’s milk becomes the major milk source. Neither cow’s milk nor dairy products are introduced before 12 months of age. About 29% of 12-month old infants and 36% of 18-month old infants received reduced- and non-fat cow’s milk instead of whole-fat cow’s milk. Conclusion: Infant milk and dairy product intake patterns are not meeting current recommendations for breastfeeding duration and exclusivity. Introduction of cow’s milk is at the appropriate time but with the inappropriate type. Interventions are needed to increase breastfeeding duration and exclusivity. Interventions promoting the use of whole-fat cow’s milk instead of reduced-fat cow’s milk in infants at 12 months of age are necessary.
Graciela Falciglia, Ed.D. (Committee Chair)
Seung-Yeon Lee, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
32 p.
Nutrition
breast milk; milk intake; feeding practices; cow milk; infant

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Jain, N. (2015). A Longitudinal Examination of the Milk and Dairy Product Intake Patterns of Infants Six Weeks to Eighteen Months of Age [Master's thesis, University of Cincinnati]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1421921568

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Jain, Noopur. A Longitudinal Examination of the Milk and Dairy Product Intake Patterns of Infants Six Weeks to Eighteen Months of Age. 2015. University of Cincinnati, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1421921568.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Jain, Noopur. "A Longitudinal Examination of the Milk and Dairy Product Intake Patterns of Infants Six Weeks to Eighteen Months of Age." Master's thesis, University of Cincinnati, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1421921568

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

ucin1421921568
269
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This open access ETD is published by University of Cincinnati and OhioLINK.