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Infant Adiposity at Birth in Relation to Maternal Glucose Tolerance and Cytokine Levels

Baker-Kuhn, Allison E

Abstract Details

2015, MS, University of Cincinnati, Allied Health Sciences: Nutrition.
Objective. To examine whether the change in maternal insulin, insulin resistance, and cytokines that occurs in the last trimester is related to infant adiposity at birth in non-diabetic, overweight/obese pregnant women. Subjects. Non-diabetic women with a pregravid body mass index (BMI) of ≥25, ages 18-40 years, were enrolled in the study at 26 weeks gestation. Women with diabetes, hypertension, or tobacco use were excluded. Methods. At 26 and 37 weeks gestation, maternal serum cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, adiponectin), glucose and insulin were measured. A 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) using a meal was conducted at 37 weeks in the General Clinical Research Center. Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, %B) was calculated from fasting glucose and insulin. Infant weight and length were reported by the mother or obtained from the medical record. Indices of adiposity were calculated and included percentiles for weight-for-length (WHO Anthro software), and Ponderal Index (wt kilograms x 703 / height meters²). Analysis. Predictor variables were change in maternal insulin, HOMA-IR, %B, TNF-α, IL-6, and adiponectin from 26-37 weeks; outcome variables were percentiles for infant weight-for-length percentile and Ponderal Index. T-test was used to determine differences in these same maternal variables between categories of infant adiposity, grouped by Ponderal Index percentile and weight for length percentile. Results. Forty-five mother infant dyads, (28% non-Hispanic Black, 21% non-Hispanic White, 51% Latino/Hispanic) were included. Infants at or above the 90th percentile for Ponderal Index comprised 23% of the sample. Maternal variables were not correlated with Ponderal Index or weight for length at birth (P>0.05) No significant differences in maternal variables were observed between categories of infant Ponderal Index or weight for length at birth (P>0.05). Conclusions. In conclusion, changes in maternal insulin resistance and cytokines associated with obesity were not related to infant adiposity at birth in non-diabetic women. Not all overweight/obese pregnant women are unequivocally at risk for higher infant adiposity.
Debra Ann Krummel, Ph.D. (Committee Chair)
Abigail Peairs, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
50 p.

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Baker-Kuhn, A. E. (2015). Infant Adiposity at Birth in Relation to Maternal Glucose Tolerance and Cytokine Levels [Master's thesis, University of Cincinnati]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1439281187

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Baker-Kuhn, Allison. Infant Adiposity at Birth in Relation to Maternal Glucose Tolerance and Cytokine Levels. 2015. University of Cincinnati, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1439281187.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Baker-Kuhn, Allison. "Infant Adiposity at Birth in Relation to Maternal Glucose Tolerance and Cytokine Levels." Master's thesis, University of Cincinnati, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1439281187

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)