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On the Modification of Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Female Athletes Through Visual Feedback

Bonnette, Scott H
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1490354399587209

Abstract Details

2017, PhD, University of Cincinnati, Arts and Sciences: Psychology.
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are a growing public health problem in the United States, with associated healthcare costs exceeding $2 billion annually (Kim, Bosque, Meehan, Jamali, & Marder, 2011). Females are more likely to incur an ACL injury, and in recent years adolescent females (i.e., 14-17 year olds) have experienced the largest increase in ACL injury rate (Csintalan, Inacio, & Funahashi, 2008). A large amount of research has investigated and identified several potential risk factors for ACL injuries in females. Prevention of ACL injuries has emerged as a priority, but current injury prevention programs suffer from several problems, such as noncompliance (Sugimoto, Myer, Bush et al., 2012) and limited reductions in injury risk (Sugimoto, Myer, McKeon, & Hewett, 2012), and thus fail to address the rising rates of ACL injuries. The objective of this dissertation was to determine the efficacy of a real-time, visual-feedback display for ACL injury risk reduction in adolescent females. This was accomplished in two-stages. First, a pilot study tested the feedback protocol on a small group of participants to ensure the newly developed technical aspects of the feedback program and display operated successfully. The results of the pilot study were used to adjust the feedback protocol before the second stage of the project, which used the modified feedback protocol to investigate the ability of the feedback display to reduce biomechanical risk factors associated with ACL injuries. This was achieved by comparing the effects of the real feedback stimulus to those of a control stimulus—a sham display that was phenomenologically similar but did not provide informative feedback—on movement biomechanics during a body-weight squat exercise. It was hypothesized that participants would improve movement biomechanics more when they received the real feedback than when they received the sham feedback and that these enhanced, lower-risk movement biomechanics for the real-time feedback group would transfer to a separate dynamic movement exercise (a drop vertical jump, DVJ) to a greater extent than for the control group. The pilot experiment achieved its aims. The pilot study also demonstrated an overall improvement in participants’ performance of the squat exercise. In the primary experiment the main difference found among comparisons was between the heat map scores during the real and sham feedback training trials. The real feedback display was beneficial to producing squats with better movement form than performing the squatting exercise with the uninformative sham stimulus. Most importantly, this finding suggests that participants were not only sensitive to the feedback stimulus but they were also able to use it to modify their movements appropriately. In both experiments the results revealed positive biomechanical changes. Participants’ in the pilot study improved from a pre- to post-test period, and participants’ in the primary study were better during interaction with the real than the sham feedback. The primary study also identified the need for several potential modifications to the training intervention which may improve its future effectiveness. These include changes to both the real and sham feedback stimuli, the development of a less intrusive squat depth indicator, and an increase in the duration of the training program. Of these issues the two which most likely limited the training’s effectiveness in the present study were the depth indicator and the training duration. Future changes to these aspects of the training intervention could improve participant performance and reduce ACL injury risk.
Michael Riley, Ph.D. (Committee Chair)
Adam Kiefer (Committee Member)
Michael Richardson, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
Kevin Shockley, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
65 p.
Psychology
ACL; Injury Prevention; Visual Feedback

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Bonnette, S. H. (2017). On the Modification of Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Female Athletes Through Visual Feedback [Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1490354399587209

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Bonnette, Scott. On the Modification of Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Female Athletes Through Visual Feedback. 2017. University of Cincinnati, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1490354399587209.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Bonnette, Scott. "On the Modification of Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Female Athletes Through Visual Feedback." Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1490354399587209

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

ucin1490354399587209
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This open access ETD is published by University of Cincinnati and OhioLINK.