Skip to Main Content
 

Global Search Box

 
 
 
 

Files

File List


38018.pdf (16.36 MB)

ETD Abstract Container

Abstract Header

Zero Waste Utilization of Spent Coffee Grounds (SCGs) and the Feasibility Study of Heavy Metal Removal from the Aqueous Phase with SCG Biochar

Srivastava, Suhas
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0124-4328
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1613750739723879

Abstract Details

2020, MS, University of Cincinnati, Engineering and Applied Science: Environmental Engineering.
Biochar produced from the spent coffee grounds is an effective method for carbon sequestration, soil, and water remediation, improved agricultural yields and potential mercury removal from the air as a precursor to the specialized activated carbon. The primary goal of this study was to investigate the feasibility of zero waste technology as an extended part of the previous research on bio-diesel extraction from the spent coffee grounds and to produce biochar for heavy metal removal from the aqueous media. The pyrolysis technology was applied on the spent coffee grounds and the effects of reaction temperature, carrier gas and feedstock on the product was studied both qualitatively and quantitatively. The yield and pH of biochar samples from SCG1 and SCG4 under different temperatures and gases, were compared. ICP-MS was used for batch analysis for metal adsorption. The performance was compared under different initial concentrations of metal ions. The Langmuir and Freundlich curves were established to better understand the adsorption isotherms and effect of initial concentration. Surface area of the bio-chars were measured and FTIR analysis was conducted to understand the functional groups presence on the surface. For SCG4, the maximum biochar yield of 67.22 percent and 55.23 percent by weight were obtained at 300 degrees Celsius in CO2 gas and N2 gas, respectively. For SCG4, the minimum biochar yield of 42.4 percent and 40.57 percent by weight were obtained at 550 degrees Celsius in CO2 gas and N2 gas, respectively. For SCG1, the maximum biochar yield of 43.04 percent and 42.23 percent by weight were obtained at 300 degrees Celsius in CO2 gas and N2 gas, respectively. For SCG1, the minimum biochar yield of 29.39 percent and 31.70 percent by weight were obtained at 550 degrees Celsius in CO2 gas and N2 gas, respectively. The maximum and minimum density of bio-chars were 0.39 g/cc and 0.52 g/cc for SCG4-CO2-300 and SCG4-N2-550, respectively. The multi-metal adsorption analysis was done on the bio-chars by ICP-MS. The Freundlich curve fits best to most metal ion adsorption isotherms in most runs although Langmuir curve correlation coefficient is close to that of Freundlich suggesting strong possibility of monolayer formation. The BET surface area obtained for SCG4-550-CO2, SCG4-550-N2, SCG4-500-CO2 and SCG4-300-CO2 were 19.35 m2 /g, 16.95 m2 /g, 14 m2 /g and 10.02 m2 /g respectively. SCG4-CO2 bio-chars have the pH range of 2.97 to 6.9 and SCG4-N2 have the pH range of 4.16 to 7.8. The pH of SCG1-CO2 bio-chars range from 7.09 to 9.07 and SCG1-N2 have the pH range from 7.23 to 9.88. FTIR analysis performed on the biochars resulted to the information that biochars prepared at higher than 500 degrees Celsius temperature experienced loss in functional group. SCG4-300 FTIR displayed peaks which could correspond to presence of hydroxyl group. There was no indication of the presence of hydroxyl group in SCG4-500 and SCG4-550 biochars. The presence of alkanes was confirmed in both SCG1-300- N2 and SCG1- 350-N2. The presence of both carbonyls and alcohols was also confirmed in both SCG1-300-N2 and SCG1-350-N2.
Mingming Lu, Ph.D. (Committee Chair)
Sivaraman Balachandran, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
Zhiqiang (Mark) Wang, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
Yan Mei Zhou, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
147 p.
Environmental Engineering
Spent Coffee Grounds; Biochar; Metal Adsorption; Pyrolysis; FTIR; BET

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Srivastava, S. (2020). Zero Waste Utilization of Spent Coffee Grounds (SCGs) and the Feasibility Study of Heavy Metal Removal from the Aqueous Phase with SCG Biochar [Master's thesis, University of Cincinnati]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1613750739723879

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Srivastava, Suhas. Zero Waste Utilization of Spent Coffee Grounds (SCGs) and the Feasibility Study of Heavy Metal Removal from the Aqueous Phase with SCG Biochar. 2020. University of Cincinnati, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1613750739723879.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Srivastava, Suhas. "Zero Waste Utilization of Spent Coffee Grounds (SCGs) and the Feasibility Study of Heavy Metal Removal from the Aqueous Phase with SCG Biochar." Master's thesis, University of Cincinnati, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1613750739723879

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

ucin1613750739723879
37
© 2020, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by University of Cincinnati and OhioLINK.