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final thesis report - with signature.pdf (3.81 MB)
ETD Abstract Container
Abstract Header
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Shape/Size-Controlled Cerium-Based Oxides
Author Info
Mutinda, Samuel I
Permalink:
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1378917332
Abstract Details
Year and Degree
2013, Master of Science in Chemistry, Youngstown State University, Department of Chemistry.
Abstract
A low energy band gap between Ce
3+
and Ce
4+
states in cerium oxide along with its high oxygen mobility and high oxygen storage capacity are properties that qualify it as one of the most widely used heterogeneous catalysts and catalyst oxide supports. This thesis report is an account of studies that were carried out on the synthesis and catalytic properties of pure, metal-doped and noble-metal impregnated cerium oxide nanoparticles. Our results revealed that synthesis temperature, during hydrothermal reactions, plays a critical role in controlling the shape, size, oxygen vacancy concentration, and low temperature reducibility in CeO
2
nanoparticles. In addition, OH
-
ion concentration was found to play an important role in engineering the lattice constants and oxygen vacancy concentrations of ceria nanoparticles within the same particle morphology and synthesis temperature. Secondly, our studies demonstrated that hydrothermal synthesis is a facile one-step approach to the preparation of compositionally homogeneous Ce
x
Zr
1-x
O
2
(0≤x&≤1) nanocrystals, in which CeO
2
-ZrO
2
mixed oxides present a superior low-temperature oxygen release capability compared to pure CeO
2
. The Ce
0.5
Zr
0.5
O
2
system proved to have good thermal stability up to 1000
o
C under reducing and oxidizing atmosphere. We have also seen that at above 1000
o
C, phase transformation occurs from psudocubic to cation ordered pyrochlore or tetragonal phase under reducing and oxidizing atmosphere, respectively. This method may be easily extended to other cerium-based mixed oxides or synthesis of analogous mixed oxides. Lastly, our results established that the impregnation of 1 wt. % platinum and gold on CeO
2
nanorods and on nanocubes causes an enhanced reduction on their surface reduction temperatures with negligible effect on their bulk reducibility. It was also shown that both pure and impregnated CeO
2
nanorods have a lower surface reduction temperature compared to that of pure and impregnated CeO
2
nanocubes. We have also demonstrated that gold nanoparticles proved to have a higher catalytic performance in oxidizing molecular hydrogen at low temperatures as compared to platinum nanoparticles.
Committee
Wang Ruigang , Ph.D. (Advisor)
Timothy Wagner, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
Cameron Lovelave, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
Pages
109 p.
Subject Headings
Chemical Engineering
;
Chemistry
;
Materials Science
Keywords
Cerium oxide, Hydrothermal synthesis, Low-temperature reducibility, Oxygen storage capacity, Morphology control, Noble metal nanoparticles
Recommended Citations
Refworks
EndNote
RIS
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Citations
Mutinda, S. I. (2013).
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Shape/Size-Controlled Cerium-Based Oxides
[Master's thesis, Youngstown State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1378917332
APA Style (7th edition)
Mutinda, Samuel.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Shape/Size-Controlled Cerium-Based Oxides.
2013. Youngstown State University, Master's thesis.
OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center
, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1378917332.
MLA Style (8th edition)
Mutinda, Samuel. "Hydrothermal Synthesis of Shape/Size-Controlled Cerium-Based Oxides." Master's thesis, Youngstown State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1378917332
Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)
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Document number:
ysu1378917332
Download Count:
2,873
Copyright Info
© 2013, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by Youngstown State University and OhioLINK.