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FINAL Jones Dissertation 1.30.19.pdf (4.06 MB)

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The Influence of Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, and Environmental Factors on Dietary Intake and Quality of Overweight and Obese, Low-Socioeconomic Status, Urban Youth

Jones, Sarah D.
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8943-2437
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1548847985706459

Abstract Details

2019, Doctor of Philosophy, Case Western Reserve University, Epidemiology and Biostatistics.
BACKGROUND: Disparities in the prevalence of childhood obesity exist among children from different race and socioeconomic groups. While these factors cannot cause obesity, these factors, along with many other factors may influence dietary intake and quality, both major contributors to obesity. PURPOSE: This research examined the relationships between intrapersonal, interpersonal, and environmental factors with dietary intake and quality as children transitioned into adolescence. METHODS: Data from a 7-year childhood obesity trial were used. Dietary intake (calories, added sugar, total fat, saturated fat, protein, sodium, calories per kilogram body weight) and diet quality (Healthy Eating Index-2010 total score) were measured through 3, 24-hour recalls. Intrapersonal factors (demographics, generational obesity, self-efficacy for diet), interpersonal factors (parental rules, family/peer support for healthy eating), and home and school environmental factors were self-reported. Neighborhood food environment was measured through the proportion of unhealthy food establishments within a 0.5-mile of home and school. Bivariate and multivariate linear regression was used to identify significant factors associated with all outcomes at 11-12 years and 14-15 years, as well as to examine the association between changes in the environment with changes in dietary outcomes over time. RESULTS: Results showed several intrapersonal (gender, generational obesity, self-efficacy for diet), interpersonal (discouragement for healthy eating from friends), and environmental (both food within and around the home) factors simultaneously influenced dietary intake at ages 11-12. At ages 14-15, dietary intake was influenced by intrapersonal (gender, generational obesity, self-efficacy for diet) and environmental (food in home) factors, while diet quality was influenced by the home food environment. Over time, changes in the food available within and around the home were significantly associated with both dietary intake and quality. CONCLUSIONS: This research demonstrated the importance of utilizing a multilevel approach when examining factors that influence diet of overweight and obese youth. When examined together, environmental factors, particularly the home food environment, appeared to be more important than personal or social influences; however, more research around the specific foods consumed both within and around the home needs to be completed. This study could influence the development of policies and interventions to improve diet and decrease obesity among low-SES, urban youth.
James Spilsbury (Committee Chair)
Elaine Borawski (Advisor)
Erika Trapl (Committee Member)
Rosanna Watowicz (Committee Member)
Simone French (Committee Member)
493 p.
Epidemiology
dietary intake, diet quality, youth, obesity, urban, socioeconomic status

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Jones, S. D. (2019). The Influence of Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, and Environmental Factors on Dietary Intake and Quality of Overweight and Obese, Low-Socioeconomic Status, Urban Youth [Doctoral dissertation, Case Western Reserve University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1548847985706459

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Jones, Sarah. The Influence of Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, and Environmental Factors on Dietary Intake and Quality of Overweight and Obese, Low-Socioeconomic Status, Urban Youth. 2019. Case Western Reserve University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1548847985706459.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Jones, Sarah. "The Influence of Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, and Environmental Factors on Dietary Intake and Quality of Overweight and Obese, Low-Socioeconomic Status, Urban Youth." Doctoral dissertation, Case Western Reserve University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1548847985706459

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

case1548847985706459
974
© 2019, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies and OhioLINK.