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Man Xu_Dissertation_2020.pdf (6.16 MB)

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Sound Velocity, Density, and Equation of State of Silicate and Carbonate Melts in the Earth’s Mantle

XU, MAN
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2691-4938
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1583945235415743

Abstract Details

2020, Doctor of Philosophy, Case Western Reserve University, Geological Sciences.
Silicate and carbonate melts in the Earth’s mantle play a crucial role in the chemical differentiation and heat transfer of the planet, and are largely responsible for the mantle heterogeneities observed geochemically and geophysically. In order to better model mantle melting, magma differentiation and solidification, and to understand the stability, transport of mantle melts and their effects on seismic observations, the knowledge of the physical properties (e.g., sound velocity, density) and equation of state (EOS) of melts are essential. However, the sound velocity and density of melts relevant to mantle processes are still poorly constrained due to experimental challenges to measure these properties of melts at extreme conditions. In this dissertation, I have studied the EOS of silicate and carbonate melts at high pressure and temperature conditions, with a focus on Mg, Fe and Na-rich silicate melts as well as pure carbonate melts, by developing new techniques for high-pressure sound velocity and density measurements on melts, including the in-situ ultrasonic technique and high-pressure X-ray microtomography. Various high-pressure cell designs combined with synchrotron techniques allow us to obtain the first high-pressure sound velocity dataset for silicate melts in the diopside (CaMgSi2O6)-hedenbergite (CaFeSi2O6) join (Chapters II and IV), and for carbonate melts in the MgCO3-CaCO3 join (Chapter VI). The differences of the elastic properties between silicate glasses and their corresponding liquids are revealed (Chapter III). New high-pressure density data using X-ray microtomographic reconstruction for sodium-rich jadeite melt are also reported (Chapter V). The results of these studies have significant implications for several geophysical problems, including the stability and possible density crossover of melts in the Earth’s mantle, the origin of the seismic low-velocity regions in the mantle, the solidification of early magma oceans, and the fate of subducted carbonates, etc.
Zhicheng Jing (Advisor)
James Van Orman (Advisor)
Steven Hauck, II (Committee Member)
Ralph Harvey (Committee Member)
Daniel Lacks (Committee Member)
242 p.
Earth; Geology; Geophysics; Mineralogy; Petrology
silicate melt; carbonate melt; sound velocity; density; equation of state; high pressure; upper mantle

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • XU, M. (2020). Sound Velocity, Density, and Equation of State of Silicate and Carbonate Melts in the Earth’s Mantle [Doctoral dissertation, Case Western Reserve University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1583945235415743

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • XU, MAN. Sound Velocity, Density, and Equation of State of Silicate and Carbonate Melts in the Earth’s Mantle. 2020. Case Western Reserve University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1583945235415743.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • XU, MAN. "Sound Velocity, Density, and Equation of State of Silicate and Carbonate Melts in the Earth’s Mantle." Doctoral dissertation, Case Western Reserve University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1583945235415743

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

case1583945235415743
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© 2020, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies and OhioLINK.
Release 3.2.12