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Selenium Treatment Promotes Adipogenesis in Chicken Embryonic Fibroblasts In Vitro

Lee, Aishlin Elizabeth
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1367416159

Abstract Details

2013, Master of Science, Ohio State University, Animal Sciences.
Reducing adipose tissue accumulation is a hot topic of current research for both humans and production animals. There are many approaches to reducing adipose tissue accumulation, including finding dietary methods to decrease the promotion of adipogenesis by dietary ingredients. Decreasing adipose tissue accretion in chickens will have significant economic impact for producers by increasing savings and profitability. One potential micronutrient that could promote adipogenesis is selenium. Selenium is essential for proper body functioning, and without it many animals experience a disease called exudative diathesis, which results in the inability to walk or drink. At high concentrations selenium can also be toxic. Selenium has long been added to adipogenic differentiation mediums, however its role in adipogenesis has not been researched up to this point. To elucidate the role of selenium in adipogenesis, first, it needed to be established that selenium did have an effect on promoting adipogenesis and lipid accumulation. Chicken embryonic fibroblasts were cultured and treated with 0µg/l, 37.5µg/l, 75 µg/l, 150µg/l, 225µg/l, or 300µg/l selenium, with the 150µg/l concentration representing a physiological level of selenium. Oil Red O staining showed that there was a dose dependent increase in lipid droplet accumulation in response to selenium treatment. Subsequent quantitative Real-Time PCR analysis of PPARgamma, an adipocyte marker, and DLK1/Pref1, a pre-adipocyte marker, showed a dose dependent increase in PPARgamma expression and a dose dependent decrease in DLK1/Pref1 expression. These results indicate that selenium promotes adipogenesis in chicken embryonic fibroblasts. In order to elucidate a potential mechanism for the effect of selenium on chicken embryonic fibroblasts, a microarray analysis compared gene expression in cells treated with 0µg/l or 225µg/l selenium. Microarray analysis yielded a wealth of information, and in order to identify potential mechanisms six pathways were of particular interest; these included, adipogenesis, lipolysis, lipogenesis, oxidative stress, pro-osteogenesis/pro-myogenesis, and cell cycle regulation. Several genes involved in adipogenesis were significantly up regulated (p < 0.05), indicating that selenium may promote adipogenesis by promoting the expression of genes involved in adipogenesis. Genes involved in promoting lipolysis and lipogenesis were significantly down regulated (p < 0.05), while genes involved in inhibiting de novo lipogenesis were up regulated (p < 0.05). These results indicate that selenium inhibits lipolysis and lipogenesis. Genes involved in oxidative stress protection and markers of oxidative stress were up regulated (p < 0.05), indicating that oxidative stress was increased in response to selenium treatment, but there was a corresponding increase in genes involved in protecting against oxidative stress. Genes involved in cell cycle regulation associated with promoting adipogenesis were up regulated (p < 0.0001) but unexpectedly genes involved in promoting cell cycle continuation were also significantly up regulated (0 < 0.05).
Kichoon Lee (Advisor)
Pasha Lyvers-Peffer (Committee Member)
J. David Latshaw (Committee Member)
69 p.
Animal Sciences; Developmental Biology; Molecular Biology
selenium; adipogenesis; chicken embryonic fibroblasts

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Lee, A. E. (2013). Selenium Treatment Promotes Adipogenesis in Chicken Embryonic Fibroblasts In Vitro [Master's thesis, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1367416159

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Lee, Aishlin. Selenium Treatment Promotes Adipogenesis in Chicken Embryonic Fibroblasts In Vitro. 2013. Ohio State University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1367416159.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Lee, Aishlin. "Selenium Treatment Promotes Adipogenesis in Chicken Embryonic Fibroblasts In Vitro." Master's thesis, Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1367416159

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

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This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.