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Lianna Costantini Thesis Final.pdf (1.51 MB)

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Diet Quality and Dyslipidemia in the US Population

Costantini, Lianna Hope
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523573879067727

Abstract Details

2018, Master of Science, Ohio State University, Allied Medicine.
Background: Effective methods for lowering elevated blood cholesterol include medication and healthy dietary habits. While prescription rates have increased, dietary habits of hyper- and normocholesterolemic Americans remain unknown. Aims: To assess differences in diet quality between groups stratified by cholesterol level and treatment via lipid lowering medication. Methods: Data from 18,952 adults (>20 years) who participated in the 2005-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were compared across four groups: normocholesterolemia not taking medication (NC-M), normocholesterolemia taking medication (NC+M), hypercholesterolemia not taking medication (HC-M), and hypercholesterolemia taking medication (HC+M). 24-hour dietary recall data was evaluated using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 and an Adjusted American Heart Association (AHA) Healthy Diet Score (HDS). Higher scores indicate better diet quality. Results: Total diet quality scores were not different across the four groups according to the HEI and HDS, with average total scores of 52 and 43, respectively, out of 100 points. Individual diet component scores differed between groups. NC+M scored better than both hypercholesterolemic groups in saturated fat (HEI p=0.032, HDS p=0.020), fatty acids (HEI p<0.001), and whole grains (HEI p=0.016, HDS p=0.001). HC-M scored the poorest of the four groups in saturated fat and fatty acids. NC-M had the highest total diet quality while the HC+M had the worst diet quality. Conclusions: The data demonstrates small strides for heart disease prevention in the NC+M group relative to groups with hypercholesterolemia, yet drastic discrepancies from dietary recommendations. This provides direction for improving heart disease prevention efforts, especially in those with hypercholesterolemia.
Christopher Taylor, PhD, RDN, LD, FAND (Advisor)
Krok Jessica, PhD (Committee Member)
Pratt Keeley, PhD, IMFT (Committee Member)
132 p.
Health; Health Care; Medicine; Nutrition; Public Health
cholesterol; heart disease; nutrition; diet; diet quality; NHANES; Healthy Eating Index-2015; AHA Healthy Diet Score; CVD

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Citations

  • Costantini, L. H. (2018). Diet Quality and Dyslipidemia in the US Population [Master's thesis, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523573879067727

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Costantini, Lianna. Diet Quality and Dyslipidemia in the US Population. 2018. Ohio State University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523573879067727.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Costantini, Lianna. "Diet Quality and Dyslipidemia in the US Population." Master's thesis, Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523573879067727

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

osu1523573879067727
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This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.