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Bioremediation of Acid Mine Drainage Contaminated Soil by Phragmites australis and Rhizosphere Bacteria

Guo, Lin
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1403637340

Abstract Details

2014, Doctor of Philosophy, University of Akron, Civil Engineering.
Acid mine drainage (AMD) with low pH and high levels of heavy metals affects many regions. Experiments were conducted to investigate the bioremediation potential of AMD contaminated soils via Phragmites australis , rhizosphere acidophilic heterotrophs and/or Fe(II) oxidizing bacteria (Fe(II)OB), and citric acid (CA). Field characterizations indicated that Fe plaque amounts on reeds were related to the abundance of Fe(II)OB in soil. The metal concentrations in roots of reeds also depicted a strong correlation with the soil concentrations. The Fe concentrations in soil were 413.63±7.75 mg/g which were much higher than Mn (0.04±0.00 mg/g) and Al (1.39±0.03 mg/g), while the Fe amounts in roots (13.43±5.98 mg/g) were also higher than Mn (0.09±0.03 mg/g) and Al (0.08±0.01 mg/g). Histological staining found that most of Fe and Al were stored in exodermis and endodermis of roots. Laboratory experiments indicated that Fe(II)OB enhanced the formation of Fe plaque. The root Fe plaque (108.08±12.05 mg/g) of reeds cultured in spiked soil inoculated with Fe(II)OB were higher than that without adding Fe(II)OB (88.47±5.26 mg/g). CA inhibited the formation of Fe plaque. However, acidophilic heterotrophs consumed CA and enhanced the growth of Fe(II)OB. Metal plaque may decrease the accumulation of Fe and Mn into reeds while had no important influence on Al uptake. CA enhanced Fe and Al entering stele of roots and increased metals uptake in reeds. Compared with non-contaminated reeds, wild reeds initially grown in AMD sites accumulated more metals due to the adaptability to the hostile environments. For instance, wild reeds cultured in soil added with 33.616 g/kg CA accumulated 0.32±0.01 mg/g Mn, 96.99±5.75 mg/g Fe and 3.17±0.51 Al in roots, while purchased reeds uptake 0.20±0.00 mg/g Mn, 79.21±5.95 mg/g Fe and 0.74±0.02 Al mg/g. CA, rhizosphere bacteria and reeds had interconnected impacts on remediation of AMD sites. CA significantly enhanced phytoremediation efficiency. Rhizosphere microorganisms also influenced metal bioavailability and metal uptake in reeds. Wild reeds in spiked soil or solution amended with 33.616 g/kg CA and without bacteria uptake the most metals. Further investigations are required to study the effect of CA and rhizosphere bacteria on phytoremediation of real AMD contaminated field.
Teresa Cutright, Dr. (Advisor)
Stephen Duirk, Dr. (Committee Member)
Lan Zhang, Dr. (Committee Member)
John Senko, Dr. (Committee Member)
Chelsea Monty, Dr. (Committee Member)
280 p.
Environmental Engineering; Environmental Science

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Guo, L. (2014). Bioremediation of Acid Mine Drainage Contaminated Soil by Phragmites australis and Rhizosphere Bacteria [Doctoral dissertation, University of Akron]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1403637340

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Guo, Lin. Bioremediation of Acid Mine Drainage Contaminated Soil by Phragmites australis and Rhizosphere Bacteria. 2014. University of Akron, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1403637340.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Guo, Lin. "Bioremediation of Acid Mine Drainage Contaminated Soil by Phragmites australis and Rhizosphere Bacteria." Doctoral dissertation, University of Akron, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1403637340

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

akron1403637340
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This open access ETD is published by University of Akron and OhioLINK.